第 0729 號，共 1 402 號

Southern house spider

Kukulcania hibernalis

無害對人無害。不用擔心。

咬吃：昆蟲

The southern house spider is a large spider that lives in the Americas, from the southern United States to Argentina. It is often mistaken for the brown recluse, but it is not aggressive and rarely bites. Its males wander around looking for mates, and both sexes can squeeze through very narrow cracks.1

分布在

Southern states of the USA, throughout Central America, some Caribbean islands, southern Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina1

北美洲, 南美洲

首頁

Females build radial webs around crevices and rarely leave them. Males wander in search of insects and females, and do not defend a particular territory.1

長度

5,1 cm (2 in)1

最高速度

大約 1,1 km/h（0,68 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It catches insects in its web. It combs silk across a spiked plate called the cribellum, which frays the threads into a fine, velcro-like net that catches insect legs.1

Southern house spider 的照片 — Southern house spider。照片：Juan Cruzado Cortés。 CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

Females are dark brown or black and more compact in shape, with often larger, bulbous bodies.1
Males have longer legs and unusually long, slender pedipalps (the leg-like feelers near the mouth).1
Males lack the violin-shaped marking on the front part of the body that the brown recluse has.1
The abdomen (rear part of the body) is covered in fine, velvety light grey hair.1
Both sexes may grow to about 5.1 cm across with legs extended.1

常被誤認為： Males are often mistaken for the brown recluse because they have similar colours and body structure. Male southern house spiders are usually larger, have no violin shape on the front of the body, and have long, slender pedipalps.1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 輕微跟蜜蜂螫差不多或更輕微。對人基本上無害。

Males may seem aggressive, but they bite only when trapped. Their mouthparts are too small to easily get through human skin, so bites are unlikely to be harmful.1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

When it feels threatened, it instinctively plays dead, a tactic that works well against its common predators.1

如果牠咬人

清洗咬傷處，用冰敷袋冰敷止痛。如果很痛、疼痛擴散或傷者覺得不舒服，要就醫。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

比你的小指頭還短可以在 330 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Southern house spider 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Southern house spider 大約 1,1 km/h (0,68 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

It is a cribellate spider, meaning its silk is not sticky. Its web works by tangling silk into a velcro-like net.1

It can crawl through cracks as narrow as 0.66 cm, thanks to its long body and compact legs.1

It is almost blind, so it may crawl over anything in its path, living or not, without meaning to attack.1

Its mating ritual can last over an hour, with long pauses where neither spider moves much.1

Its family, Filistatidae, is known as the crevice weavers because the females build webs around cracks.1

破解迷思

迷思： Southern house spiders are aggressive and bite people often.

真相： Males may look aggressive, but they bite only when trapped, and their mouthparts are too small to easily penetrate human skin. Their crawling over things is not aggression, as they cannot see larger animals.1

給毒液專家

學名: Kukulcania hibernalis
類群: 蜘蛛
家人: Filistatidae2
排序: Araneae
各大洲: 北美洲, 南美洲
寶寶: Females produce clutches of about 129 eggs. Each egg is about 1.37 mm across.1
對人的危險: 1 / 5: 輕微3