第 0639 號，共 1 402 號

West coast button spider

Latrodectus indistinctus

需要看醫生很少致命，但被咬了需要看醫生。

咬吃：肉

The West Coast button spider is a small black spider that lives in Namibia and South Africa. It is one of the black button or black widow spiders, and its venom acts on the nerves. Knowing what it looks like helps people stay safe in its dry habitats.1

分布在

Namibia and South Africa, including the Northern Cape and Western Cape provinces1

非洲

首頁

It builds three-dimensional webs in dark corners. Its nest is low down, at the base of small bushes, in tufts of grass or stubble, or among heaps of loose debris, often on the ground. Unlike L. geometricus, no nest has been recorded near a building. It has also been recorded from pistachio orchards.1

長度

1,6 cm (0,6 in)1

最高速度

大約 0,92 km/h（0,57 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

Its prey includes insects and other arthropods. Egg sacs are usually hung in bush vegetation, where prey is available nearby.1

West coast button spider 的照片 — West coast button spider。照片：Wessel Pretorius。 CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

Females are 7 to 16 mm long and males are 2.5 to 5 mm long, so females are much larger.1
Most adults keep short red stripes radiating upward from the tip of the upper abdomen.1
It is not aggressive by nature.1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

This spider has neurotoxins called latrotoxins, which act on nerve endings. Within 15 minutes of a bite there is intense pain, a burning sensation and swelling. Intense muscle pain and cramps can develop about an hour later, along with anxiety, slurred speech, nausea, headache, sweating and fever.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 嚴重被咬了需要看醫生。死亡案例非常罕見。

Rapid pulse, raised blood pressure, chest tightness and difficulty breathing are important warning signs. These are usually more dangerous for children and elderly people with heart or lung disease.1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

When it feels threatened, it drops to the ground and plays dead.1

如果牠咬人

清洗咬傷處，用冰敷袋冰敷止痛。如果很痛、疼痛擴散或傷者覺得不舒服，要就醫。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

比你的小指頭還短

West coast button spider 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

West coast button spider 大約 0,92 km/h (0,57 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Females are much larger than males, at 7 to 16 mm compared with 2.5 to 5 mm.1

It has been found in desert, grassland and fynbos habitats.1

給毒液專家

學名: Latrodectus indistinctus
類群: 蜘蛛
家人: Theridiidae2
排序: Araneae
各大洲: 非洲
寶寶: Eggs are kept in egg sacs hung in bush vegetation. Females will occasionally attack to defend their eggs.1
牠在野外的狀況: Least Concern1
對人的危險: 3 / 5: 嚴重3