第 1164 号，共 1 402 张

Blue-lined octopus

Hapalochlaena fasciata

致命地球上最致命的动物之一。如果它咬了你，立刻呼救。快速救治和抗毒血清能救活大多数人。立刻拨打急救电话。

咬伤吃：肉

The blue-lined octopus is a small sea creature, about the size of a golf ball, that lives in shallow reefs and rock pools in the Pacific Ocean. It is one of the most dangerous animals in the sea, because its bite contains venom that can be fatal to people. It is shy and usually hides, but its bright blue lines are a clear warning to leave it alone.1

生活在

Pacific Ocean, from Australia to Japan. Common off Australia, especially southern Queensland to southern New South Wales; also Japan and Jeju Island, Korea.1

印度洋, 太平洋, 珊瑚海

首页

It lives in shallow tropical and subtropical reef waters, tide pools and intertidal rocky shores, in coastal waters down to 15 metres. It hides in reef crevices and empty seashells, so people may come across it while exploring rock pools or reefs.1

长度

4.5 cm (1.8 in)1

最高速度

约 25 公里/小时（16 英里/小时）

游泳, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It mostly eats crustaceans and stomatopods (mantis shrimps). In captivity it has also eaten live fish. It traps its prey inside its arms and pierces it with its parrot-like beak.1

Blue-lined octopus的照片 — Blue-lined octopus。照片：Totti。 CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎样认出它

At rest, its body is mottled yellow-brown with dark blue or black streaks, and its underside is paler.1
When it feels threatened, it shows bright, iridescent blue lines across its body.1
It is small, with a mantle (main body) up to 45 mm long, about the size of a golf ball.1
Its blue markings are lines, not rings.1
The visceral hump (the bulge behind the head) is regularly pointed.1

常被误认为： The greater blue-ringed octopus, southern blue-ringed octopus and blue-ringed octopus have circular blue rings rather than lines. The blue-lined octopus is also the smallest of the four species in its genus.1

毒液之力

咬伤

它咬的时候，毒液通过毒牙或牙齿出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

Its venom is tetrodotoxin (TTX), a neurotoxic venom, which attacks the nerves. A bite may not be felt at first. After some time, symptoms include loss of feeling in the tongue and lips, muscle weakness or paralysis, respiratory failure (breathing failure), and unconsciousness, which can lead to death.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 致命世界上最危险的动物之一。

It is regarded as one of the most dangerous animals in the sea, and its venom can be fatal to humans. At least three human deaths have been reported. The greatest risk is to people who pick it up or touch it.1

它害怕时会做什么？

When threatened, it displays bright blue warning lines to predators, and it is more likely to flee and hide in shelter than to fight.1

如果它咬人

加压固定法：用有弹性的绷带紧紧缠住咬伤处，再缠满整条肢体，用夹板固定，让人完全不动，直到救援到来。
蓝环章鱼或芋螺可能让人在清醒时停止呼吸：立刻呼救，并准备好做人工呼吸，直到救护车接手。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它咬了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲太平洋印度洋珊瑚海

它有多大？

它有多长？

比你的小指还短7.2 秒就能游完一个大泳池（50 米）

Blue-lined octopus和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一名奥运游泳选手 约 8 公里/小时 (5 mph)

Blue-lined octopus 约 25 公里/小时 (16 mph)

一只全速游的海豚 约 35 公里/小时 (22 mph)

值得了解

事实

A single 25-gram blue-lined octopus carries enough venom to kill about ten adults weighing 75 kilograms each, according to estimates.1

Male blue-lined octopuses bite the female's aorta during mating, injecting TTX. This paralyses her within about 8 minutes, which lets the male transfer his sperm packets safely.1

Hapalochlaena is the only octopus genus known to produce TTX, a toxin thought to have played an important role in the evolution of the species.1

The blue-lined octopus is the only one of the four blue-ringed species with lined blue markings instead of circular ones.1

Blue-lined octopuses are nocturnal hunters, while the greater blue-ringed octopus hunts during the day.1

Its range has been spreading across the Pacific. Warming ocean water may be shifting suitable habitat, and scientists monitor this for public health and safety.1

谣言粉碎机

谣言： Because it is so shy, the blue-lined octopus is not really dangerous.

真相： It is extremely shy and usually flees, but its venom can still be fatal to people, and at least three deaths have been reported.1

给毒液专家

学名: Hapalochlaena fasciata
类别: 芋螺和章鱼
家人: Octopodidae2
排序: Octopoda
大洲: 印度洋, 太平洋, 珊瑚海, 海洋
宝宝: A female lays 50 to 100 large eggs about 30 days after mating, hides them under her arms until they hatch, and then dies. The hatchlings take about two months to develop.1
对人的危险: 5 / 5: 致命3