第 0394 号，共 1 402 张

Brazilian lancehead

Bothrops moojeni

名字的由来： The specific name moojeni honours the Brazilian zoologist João Moojen de Oliveira (1904–1985).1

可致命不治疗可能会要你的命。如果它咬了你，赶快求助。

蝮蛇

咬伤吃：肉

对人的危险: 非常危险不治疗可能会害死人。

The Brazilian lancehead is a highly venomous snake, a type of pit viper, found in South America. It lives in forests and open woodland in Brazil and nearby countries, and it hunts mostly at night. Its venom damages muscle and blood, so bites need urgent medical care.1

生活在

Northern Argentina, eastern Bolivia, Brazil and Paraguay, in South America.1

南美洲

首页

It lives in Araucaria moist forests and the Cerrado. The species is terrestrial, so it lives on the ground.1

长度

2.3 m (7.5 ft)1

最高速度

约 4 公里/小时（2.5 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It preys on small mammals, birds, lizards, snakes and amphibians.1

Brazilian lancehead的照片 — Brazilian lancehead。照片：(Greg Hume)。 CC BY 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎样认出它

Tan, grey-brown or olive-grey body with 14–21 trapezoidal side markings that are dark grey or black.1
Belly is usually white or cream, with scattered dark grey spots.1
Broad head is flattened into a lance shape when seen from above, and is distinct from the narrow neck.1
Eyes have vertically elliptical (cat-like) pupils.1
Juveniles have a white tail.1

毒液之力

咬伤

它咬的时候，毒液通过毒牙或牙齿出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

Its venom is haemolytic (it breaks down red blood cells) and proteolytic (it breaks down proteins). A muscle-damaging component causes necrosis, meaning the muscle tissue dies, and the venom also stops blood from clotting. Symptoms may include intense local pain, swelling and muscle death, and the venom can cause severe bleeding and strokes.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 非常危险不治疗可能会害死人。

This snake is highly venomous. Its venom can cause severe haemorrhage (serious bleeding) and strokes.1

它害怕时会做什么？

It is considered very defensive.1

如果它咬人

让人保持安静不动，被咬的肢体与心脏保持同一高度，摘下戒指和紧身物品，尽快送医院。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它咬了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲

它有多大？

它有多长？

和 5 只家猫鼻子接尾巴一样长和 13 根香蕉首尾相接一样长90 秒就能跑完 100 米（最快的人需要 9.6 秒）

Brazilian lancehead和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一只陆龟 约 0.3 公里/小时 (0.19 mph)

Brazilian lancehead 约 4 公里/小时 (2.5 mph)

一个在走路的人 约 5 公里/小时 (3.1 mph)

值得了解

事实

The venom contains a clotting-related enzyme that can trigger disseminated intravascular coagulation, a serious condition where blood clots and bleeds at the same time.1

Its venom contains a wide range of enzymes, including a muscle-damaging myotoxin.1

The venom yield of adult females averages 335 mg, while newborns average 63 mg.1

It is one of several pit vipers with heat-sensing pits, which help it find prey in the dark.1

It is nocturnal, so it is most active at night.1

给毒液专家

学名: Bothrops moojeni
类别: 蝮蛇
家人: Viperidae2
排序: Squamata
大洲: 南美洲
宝宝: It gives birth to live young (viviparous). Gestation lasts around four months, it happens once a year, and a litter is usually 12–14 newborns.1
寿命: 约 15 年1
对人的危险: 4 / 5: 非常危险3