第 0819 号，共 1 402 张

Brazilian yellow scorpion

Tityus serrulatus

名字的由来： Its common name comes from its pale-yellow legs and pedipalps (the front limbs near the mouth).1

可致命不治疗可能会要你的命。如果它蜇了你，赶快求助。

蝎子

蜇伤吃：昆虫

对人的危险: 非常危险不治疗可能会害死人。

The Brazilian yellow scorpion is a small scorpion that lives in Brazil, often in towns and cities. Its venom is extremely toxic, and it is the most dangerous scorpion in South America.1

生活在

Brazil, widespread across most of the country, including São Paulo, Minas Gerais and Bahia1

南美洲

首页

It is suited to urban life, living in sewers and trash heaps. Most stings happen in towns, inside or near homes.1

长度

5 cm到7 cm (2 in到2.8 in)1

最高速度

约 1.4 公里/小时（0.87 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It eats insects, especially cockroaches. Its venom-injecting barb can immobilise prey.1

Brazilian yellow scorpion的照片 — Brazilian yellow scorpion。照片：José Roberto Peruca。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

Adults are usually 5 to 7 cm long.1
Legs and pedipalps are pale yellow, while the body and the tip of the tail are a darker yellowish brown.1
The tail is bulbous and segmented, with prominent ridges and serrations, and is often carried curved forward over the back.1
The tail ends in a venom-injecting barb.1

毒液之力

蜇伤

毒液通过蜇刺出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

Its venom contains an excitatory neurotoxin, which attacks the nerves that control involuntary body functions and releases adrenaline and related chemicals. Mild cases cause mainly localised pain, while more serious cases can bring fever, sweating, tremors, vomiting, agitation, a fast heartbeat and inflammation of the pancreas. Deaths can occur within 1 to 6 hours, or 12 to 14 hours, depending on age, health and the amount of venom injected.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 非常危险不治疗可能会害死人。

It is responsible for more medically significant accidents than any other scorpion in Brazil, and most of the country's fatal scorpion cases. Mortality rates are 1.0 to 2.0% among children and elderly people. In a nationwide study from 2000 to 2012, Brazil recorded 482,616 scorpion accidents and 728 deaths, and this species was believed to cause most of those deaths.1

它害怕时会做什么？

It uses its tail barb to deliver defensive strikes.1

如果它蜇人

用冰袋冷敷蜇伤处，让人保持不动。尽快就医，尤其是儿童：有些蝎子对孩子是致命的。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它蜇了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲

它有多大？

它有多长？

和 2 块玩具积木排成一排一样长260 秒就能跑完 100 米（最快的人需要 9.6 秒）

Brazilian yellow scorpion和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一只陆龟 约 0.3 公里/小时 (0.19 mph)

Brazilian yellow scorpion 约 1.4 公里/小时 (0.87 mph)

一个在走路的人 约 5 公里/小时 (3.1 mph)

值得了解

事实

Reported scorpion stings in Brazil rose from 12,000 in 2000 to 140,000 by 2018.1

It has a low metabolic rate, so it can survive for months without eating.1

Scorpion numbers have grown in Brazilian cities, helped by plenty of cockroaches to eat and few predators.1

Its venom varies by region. Scorpions from Distrito Federal have an LD50 of 51.6 μg/kg, compared with 26 μg/kg for those from Minas Gerais. LD50 is the dose that kills half of the animals tested.1

Its tail is bulbous and segmented, with ridges and serrations, and it often curls forward over its back.1