第 1001 号，共 1 402 张

Red imported fire ant

Solenopsis invicta

名字的由来： Its species name, invicta, is Latin for "invincible" or "unconquered". It is called the fire ant because its sting causes a burning sensation.1

只是会疼会疼，但不会对你造成严重伤害。

蚂蚁

蜇伤吃：什么都来一点

对人的危险: 很疼可能真的很疼，但几乎从不严重。

The red imported fire ant is an ant that comes from South America. It has spread to Australia, New Zealand, parts of Asia, the Caribbean, Europe and the United States, where it is seen as a serious pest. Its sting burns, and in some people it causes a dangerous allergic reaction.1

生活在

Native to South America. Introduced to Australia, New Zealand, several Asian and Caribbean countries, Europe and the United States.1

南美洲

首页

It lives in a wide variety of places, including rainforests, deserts, grasslands and disturbed land. It is dominant in altered areas and thrives in urban areas, where it nests alongside roads, buildings and in electrical equipment. Colonies build large soil mounds that have no visible entrances.1

长度

5 mm (0.2 in)3

典型成年个体大小

最高速度

约 0.11 公里/小时（0.07 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It eats dead mammals, arthropods, insects, seeds and sweet substances such as honeydew from hemipteran insects, with which it has developed relationships. It forages on warm or hot days, though it may stay outside at night.1

Red imported fire ant的照片 — Red imported fire ant。照片：Judy Gallagher。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

Workers are red and somewhat yellowish, with a brown or black rear section (gaster).1
Males are completely black.1
Workers come in different shapes and sizes.1
Colonies form large soil mounds with no visible entrances, because foraging tunnels lead to places far from the nest.1

毒液之力

蜇伤

毒液通过蜇刺出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

About 95% of its venom is made of water-insoluble piperidine alkaloids called solenopsins, and the rest is a mixture of toxic proteins that can be especially strong in sensitive people. Most stings cause intense burning and swelling, followed by sterile pustules (small fluid-filled bumps) that can last several days. In some people, a severe allergic reaction called anaphylaxis can occur, with dizziness, chest pain, nausea, severe sweating, low blood pressure, shortness of breath and slurred speech.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 很疼可能真的很疼，但几乎从不严重。

More than 14 million people are stung by these ants each year in the United States, and many are expected to develop allergies to the venom. Between 0.6% and 6.0% of people may suffer anaphylaxis, which can be fatal if left untreated. More than 80 deaths have been recorded from attacks by this ant.1

好消息：医生有药（抗毒血清）或治疗方法。1

它害怕时会做什么？

It uses its venom and chemical signals (pheromones) to defend itself and its nest.1

如果它蜇人

People who only have pain and pustules need no medical attention. People who develop anaphylaxis need emergency treatment with adrenaline. Whole body extract immunotherapy is used to treat people who are allergic and is regarded as highly effective.1
清洗并冷敷蜇伤处。
如果这个人呼吸困难、脸或喉咙肿胀，或感觉要晕倒，这是过敏急症：拨打急救电话。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它蜇了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲

它有多大？

它有多长？

小到能坐在你的指甲上

Red imported fire ant和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一只花园蜗牛 约 0.05 公里/小时 (0.03 mph)

Red imported fire ant 约 0.11 公里/小时 (0.07 mph)

一只陆龟 约 0.3 公里/小时 (0.19 mph)

值得了解

事实

When water levels rise, these ants build rafts to float on.1

A single mature colony can contain between 500,000 and 2,000,000 individuals.1

Over 1,800 scientific papers have been published using its name, and it is one of the most studied insects on the planet, rivalling the western honey bee.1

Workers dispose of scraps and dead ants on refuse piles outside the nest, a behaviour called necrophoric behaviour.1

Workers can live for several months, while queens can live for years.1

谣言粉碎机

谣言： The name "fire ant" comes from fire or burning nests.

真相： The name comes from the burning sensation caused by its sting.1

给毒液专家

学名: Solenopsis invicta
类别: 蚂蚁
家人: Formicidae2
排序: Hymenoptera
大洲: 南美洲
宝宝: Winged males and queens mate during a nuptial flight in the warm seasons. A colony can be started by a single queen or by a group of queens, which later compete for dominance once the first workers emerge.1
对人的危险: 2 / 5: 很疼3