第 1021 号，共 1 402 张

Trap-jaw ant

Odontomachus bauri

只是会疼会疼，但不会对你造成严重伤害。

蜇伤吃：肉

Trap-jaw ants are small ants with jaws that snap shut faster than almost anything else in the animal kingdom. They live in tropical places from southern Costa Rica to South America and the Galapagos Islands, and they are one of the most common ants around homes and gardens in southern Brazil.1

生活在

Southern Costa Rica, tropical South America, the West Indies (except Cuba and the Bahamas), the Galapagos Islands and northern Mexico1

北美洲, 南美洲

首页

They are most often found in lowland areas, usually in tropical rainforests, though they tolerate dry conditions better than many related species. In gardens they nest under rocks, plant containers and vegetable residues, so people can meet them around homes.1

长度

1.2 cm (0.5 in)3

典型成年个体大小

最高速度

约 0.19 公里/小时（0.12 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It is a generalist predator that usually spends its time below leaf litter. It catches prey such as worms, spiders, termites, ants, butterflies, flies and beetles, with its jaws stinging and paralysing prey or crushing it to death.1

Trap-jaw ant的照片 — Trap-jaw ant。照片：unknown。 CC0, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

Its main feature is its dark brown colour.1
The head is 2.09–3.12 mm long.1
It has hairs on the first gastral tergum (a plate on the upper back of the abdomen), which stand up partly and are fairly even in length.1
Seen from the side, the petiolar node (a small segment between the body parts) is dome-shaped.1
Its mandibles (jaws) can open to about 180°.1

毒液之力

蜇伤

毒液通过蜇刺出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

Its venom is thought to be mainly protein-based. The sting also releases a mixture of formic acid and protein, which may be highly toxic. In people, a sting usually causes burning at the site that fades within about an hour. Some people have a strong allergic reaction, with red, itchy, swollen patches on the skin and swollen eyelids.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 很疼可能真的很疼，但几乎从不严重。

Its bites are not severe for humans, but they can cause an allergic reaction. One case described a young girl with a strong reaction that lasted about a week. Such reactions were noted in about 16% of ant bites.1

它害怕时会做什么？

When its nest is disturbed, many workers make escape jumps, and if one lands on the intruder, workers start stinging it.1

如果它蜇人

清洗并冷敷蜇伤处。
如果这个人呼吸困难、脸或喉咙肿胀，或感觉要晕倒，这是过敏急症：拨打急救电话。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它蜇了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲

它有多大？

它有多长？

小到能坐在你的指甲上

Trap-jaw ant和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一只花园蜗牛 约 0.05 公里/小时 (0.03 mph)

Trap-jaw ant 约 0.19 公里/小时 (0.12 mph)

一只陆龟 约 0.3 公里/小时 (0.19 mph)

值得了解

事实

Its jaws can close within about 130 microseconds on average, roughly 2300 times faster than the blink of an eye.1

It can jump more than 20 times its body length in a single jaw-propelled leap.1

Its jaws can exert a peak force of about 300 times its own body weight.1

During an escape jump, it can launch itself about 7 cm off the ground and grab onto nearby plants.1

Its jaws have the second-fastest predatory movement in the animal kingdom, after the dracula ant.1

Its nests are usually small, with fewer than about 200 ants, and neighbouring nests do not fight when they are close together but are aggressive toward each other when more than 10 m apart.1

谣言粉碎机

谣言： Trap-jaw ants sting in the same way as bees.

真相： They do not have stingers like bees. Their stings are retractable and not barbed, so they can be used again.1

给毒液专家

学名: Odontomachus bauri
类别: 蚂蚁
家人: Formicidae2
排序: Hymenoptera
大洲: 北美洲, 南美洲
宝宝: The larvae go through three larval stages before moulting, and they do not spin a cocoon.1
对人的危险: 2 / 5: 很疼3