第 0984 号，共 1 402 张

Rusty-winged tarantula hawk

Hemipepsis ustulata

名字的由来： The common name 'tarantula hawk' comes from the wasp's habit of hunting tarantulas to raise its young.1

只是会疼会疼，但不会对你造成严重伤害。

蜜蜂、胡蜂和大黄蜂

蜇伤吃：什么都来一点

对人的危险: 很疼可能真的很疼，但几乎从不严重。

The rusty-winged tarantula hawk is a large wasp, with a matte black body and rust-orange wings. It lives in the dry Southwestern United States. Its sting is strong enough to paralyse a tarantula, which the wasp then uses to feed its young.1

生活在

Southwestern United States, from California through Arizona, New Mexico and Texas, north to Nevada, Oklahoma and Kansas1

北美洲

首页

It lives in the arid climate of the Southwestern United States, including the Sonoran Desert near Phoenix, Arizona. Territorial males perch on prominent plants at high elevations, 1500 m or higher, on mountain ridges.1

长度

5 cm (2 in)1

最高速度

约 42 公里/小时（26 英里/小时）

飞行, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

Adult wasps feed on nectar from flowers such as milkweeds and western soapberry trees. Their larvae feed on tarantulas that the adult wasps have paralysed and captured.1

Rusty-winged tarantula hawk的照片 — Rusty-winged tarantula hawk。照片：Ken-ichi Ueda。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

Matte black body with rust-orange wings1
Grows up to 5 cm long, among the largest wasps of its order1
Long legs, used to grapple with prey1
Males are smaller and more slender than females, with a more vibrant wing colour1
The antenna has twelve segments1

常被误认为： Its relatives in the genus Pepsis look very similar. Pepsis wasps are more metallic black, with deep-blue striped patterns. The only reliable way to tell them apart is by the pattern of veins in their wings.1

毒液之力

蜇伤

毒液通过蜇刺出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

Its sting paralyses a tarantula but keeps it alive, so the spider stays fresh food for the larva. The sting is described as powerful and debilitating. It is ranked among the most painful stings in the insect world on the Schmidt sting pain index.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 很疼可能真的很疼，但几乎从不严重。

Its sting is among the most painful known from insects and is described as debilitating. The sting deters nearly all predators, including birds and lizards.1

它害怕时会做什么？

Its painful sting deters nearly all predators.1

如果它蜇人

刮掉蜜蜂的蜇针，冷敷患处。
如果这个人呼吸困难、脸或喉咙肿胀，或感觉要晕倒，这是过敏急症：拨打急救电话，如果他们有肾上腺素笔就使用。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它蜇了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲

它有多大？

它有多长？

比你的小指还短9 秒就能飞过一整个足球场

Rusty-winged tarantula hawk和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一个全力冲刺的人 约 37 公里/小时 (23 mph)

Rusty-winged tarantula hawk 约 42 公里/小时 (26 mph)

一辆在城里开的汽车 约 50 公里/小时 (31 mph)

值得了解

事实

The larva eats its living host from the inside. It hollows out the tarantula until the spider dies, once feeding reaches the bases of its legs.1

After paralysing a tarantula, the female may drag it up to 100 m to a burrow or cavity, where she seals it in with her egg.1

Males fight for territory in mid-air. The two wasps clash wings and spiral upwards, and larger males usually win and push smaller males off the best perches.1

Males gather on mountain ridges in great numbers during the breeding season, while females are rarely seen.1

Adult wasps do not grow after they emerge, so smaller males are at a permanent disadvantage when competing with larger ones.1

给毒液专家

学名: Hemipepsis ustulata
类别: 蜜蜂、胡蜂和大黄蜂
家人: Pompilidae2
排序: Hymenoptera
大洲: 北美洲
宝宝: The female lays one egg on each tarantula she has paralysed. The egg is about 5 mm long, and the larva that hatches from it feeds on the spider.1
对人的危险: 2 / 5: 很疼3