第 0584 号，共 1 402 张

Western hognose snake

Heterodon nasicus

名字的由来： "Hognose" comes from its upturned nose, which looks hog-like. The scientific name nasicus comes from the Latin nasus, meaning "nose".1

无害对人无害。不用担心。

后沟牙蛇

咬伤吃：肉

对人的危险: 轻微像被蜜蜂蜇一下或更轻。对人基本无害。

The western hognose snake is a small, stout-bodied snake with an upturned nose that looks a bit like a pig's snout. It lives across much of North America, from southern Canada to northern Mexico, in sandy and gravelly places such as prairies and grasslands. It is often mistaken for a rattlesnake, but its bite is not regarded as dangerous to people.1

生活在

Southern Canada, through the United States, to northern Mexico. Endemic to North America.1

北美洲

首页

It favours areas with sandy or gravelly soils, including prairies, river floodplains, scrub, grasslands, semi-deserts and some semi-agricultural land. It has been found at elevations of up to 2,500 m (8,200 feet).1

长度

13 cm到50 cm (5.1 in到1.6 ft)1

最高速度

约 4.7 公里/小时（2.9 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It mainly eats amphibians, such as large and medium tree frogs, small or medium toads and small lizards, and occasionally a rodent. It is not a true constrictor, so it bites and chews, driving its rear fangs into prey.1

Western hognose snake的照片 — Western hognose snake。照片：Peter Paplanus。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

Relatively small and stout-bodied, with adults rarely exceeding 40–50 cm in total length, tail included.1
A modified, upturned nose scale gives it a distinctive hog-like snout.1
Colour and pattern vary a great deal between subspecies and individuals.1
When threatened, it flattens its neck, hisses and may puff up its throat with air.1

常被误认为： To an untrained eye, most individuals look much like rattlesnakes, which is thought to be a form of mimicry that makes predators wary. Its upturned snout and small, stout body are features to note.1

毒液之力

咬伤

它咬的时候，毒液通过毒牙或牙齿出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

The snake releases modified saliva from its Duvernoy's glands, which runs down a groove in its rear fang and helps break down the toxins of toads it eats. No deaths or whole-body (systemic) effects in people have been recorded from its bite. Bites may occasionally be medically significant.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 轻微像被蜜蜂蜇一下或更轻。对人基本无害。

The species is not dangerous to people and is not regarded as venomous. Its bites are extremely rare, and no deaths or systemic effects have been recorded. Bites may uncommonly be medically significant.1

它害怕时会做什么？

It flattens its neck, hisses and may make mock strikes with its mouth closed. If harassed further, it usually plays dead rather than biting.1

如果它咬人

清洗咬伤处，让人保持冷静并就医。有些种类（比如非洲树蛇）可能几小时后才致命。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它咬了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲

它有多大？

它有多长？

和 3 根香蕉首尾相接一样长和 16 块玩具积木排成一排一样长77 秒就能跑完 100 米（最快的人需要 9.6 秒）

Western hognose snake和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一只陆龟 约 0.3 公里/小时 (0.19 mph)

Western hognose snake 约 4.7 公里/小时 (2.9 mph)

一个在走路的人 约 5 公里/小时 (3.1 mph)

值得了解

事实

Captive breeders have produced more than 50 'designer' colour morphs of this snake.1

In captivity, many hognose snakes refuse food for about two to three and a half months, from January to mid March, because they instinctively brumate, or sleep, underground in winter.1

Males are considerably smaller than females.1

Hatchlings reach sexual maturity after about two years, based mostly on size rather than age.1

谣言粉碎机

谣言： Because it looks like a rattlesnake, it must be dangerous or deadly.

真相： The western hognose snake is not dangerous to people. Its rare bites have not caused recorded deaths or whole-body effects, and it usually plays dead instead of biting.1

给毒液专家

学名: Heterodon nasicus
类别: 后沟牙蛇
家人: Colubridae2
排序: Squamata
大洲: 北美洲
宝宝: It lays eggs. Females lay 4–23 elongate, thin-shelled eggs between June and August, which hatch after about 60 days.1
它在野外过得怎么样: Least Concern (IUCN)1
对人的危险: 1 / 5: 轻微3