Venom Wiki / Zonke izilwane / Izimfezi, izimamba nama-krait

Inombolo 0001 kwezingu-1 402

Indian cobra

Naja naja

Mayelana negama: The name Naja comes from the Sanskrit word nāga, meaning "cobra".1

KuyabulalaEsinye sezilwane ezibulala kakhulu eMhlabeni. Uma sikuluma, biza usizo khona manjalo.Usizo olusheshayo ne-antivenom kusindisa abantu abaningi. Shayela inombolo yezimo eziphuthumayo khona manjalo.

Izimfezi, izimamba nama-krait

UkulumaSidla: Inyama

Ingozi ebantwini: KuyabulalaEsinye sezilwane eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni.

The Indian cobra is a heavy-bodied venomous snake that lives across the Indian subcontinent. It is famous for the large hood it spreads when threatened. It is one of the four snakes responsible for the most snakebites in India and Sri Lanka, so knowing how to recognise it matters.1

Ihlala

India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and southern Nepal. Also reported in Bhutan and possibly eastern Afghanistan.1

I-Asia

Ekhaya

It lives in forests, plains, farmland such as rice paddies, rocky ground, wetlands and towns and villages. It is often found near water and hides in holes, tree hollows, termite mounds and rock piles. It sometimes enters buildings in search of rats.1

Ubude

1 m kuya ku-2.2 m (3.3 ft kuya ku-7.2 ft)1

Ijubane eliphezulu

cishe 7.8 km/h (4.8 mph)

Emhlabathini, isiqagela nje

Sidlani?

It eats rodents, plovers, grebes, lizards and frogs. It bites its prey, waits while the venom disables it, and then swallows it whole.1

Isithombe sika-Indian cobra — Indian cobra. Isithombe: Chayant Gonsalves. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Indlela yokusibona

A relatively large hood, which it expands when threatened.1
Many individuals have a hood mark on the back of the hood: two round eye-like patterns joined by a curved line, looking like a pair of spectacles.1
Colour varies widely. The underside can be grey, yellow, tan, brown, reddish or black, and many adults have salt-and-pepper speckles on the upper scales.1
Adults in southern Pakistan are often uniformly black on top, with a light underside.1

Ivamise ukudidaniswa ne: The Oriental rat snake is often mistaken for this cobra, but it is much longer and has a more ridged-looking body. The monocled cobra has an O-shaped pattern on the back of its hood, while the Indian cobra has a spectacles-shaped pattern. The Caspian cobra can be confused with it where they share range in Pakistan and Afghanistan, but it is never fully black.1

Amandla obuthi

Ukuluma

Ubuthi buphuma ngamazinyo aso obuthi noma ngamazinyo uma siluma.

Ubuthi baso benzani?

Its venom mainly contains a powerful neurotoxin, which attacks the nerves, and a cardiotoxin, which harms the heart. The neurotoxin paralyses muscles, and severe bites can lead to respiratory failure (breathing failure) or cardiac arrest (the heart stopping). Symptoms may appear between 15 minutes and two hours after a bite. Early signs include severe local pain and swelling that spreads up the limb, followed by darkening and blistering of the skin, as well as headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness and drowsiness.1

Siyingozi kangakanani ebantwini?

Ingozi ebantwini: KuyabulalaEsinye sezilwane eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni.

It is responsible for many snakebites and most snakebite cases in Bangladesh. In one study, untreated bite victims had a mortality rate of about 20–30%. In another study of patients who received prompt medical treatment, the rate was 9%. The amount of venom delivered varies from bite to bite.1

Izindaba ezinhle: odokotela banomuthi (i-antivenom) noma indlela yokwelapha lokhu.1

Senzani uma sesabile?

When threatened, it spreads its large hood.1

Uma siluma

Prompt medical treatment and antivenom reduce deaths from this snake's bites. Polyvalent serum, an antivenom that works against several snake species, is available for treating these bites.1
Gcina umuntu engashukumi futhi ezolile, khipha izindandatho nezinto eziqinile, bese umusa esibhedlela ngokushesha: i-antivenom iyikhambi.

Njalo shayela kuqala inombolo yezimo eziphuthumayo (112, 000, 911). Lokhu kuyiseluleko sosizo lokuqala esijwayelekile, akusona iseluleko sezokwelapha. Izisekelo zosizo lokuqala

Hlala uphephile

Ungalokothi uthinte, ubambe noma ugcone isilwane sasendle, ngisho noma sincane, futhi ngisho noma sibukeka silele noma sifile.
Sinike isikhala. Uma uhlangana naso, hlala uzolile, uhlehle kancane bese usiyeka sihambe ngendlela yaso.
Uma sikuluma: hlala uzolile, ungashukumi, shayela inombolo yezimo eziphuthumayo (112, 000, 911) noma uye esibhedlela ngokushesha. Khumbula ukuthi besibukeka kanjani, isithombe siyasiza.

Asikuzingeli wena. Sisebenzisa ubuthi baso ukuze sibambe ukudla noma ukuzivikela, futhi singancamela ukucasha. Okwengeziwe mayelana nokuhlala uphephile

Kuphi emhlabeni?

I-Afrika I-Asia I-Yurophu INyakatho Melika INingizimu Melika I-Australia ne-Oceania

Sikhulu kangakanani?

Side kangakanani?

side njengamakati asekhaya angu-4 kusuka ekhaleni kuya emsileniside njengobhanana abangu-12 abalandelanayosingahamba amamitha ali-100 ngemizuzwana engu-46 (umuntu oshesha kunabo bonke udinga engu-9,6)

Indian cobra mkhulu kangakanani uma uqhathanisa NAWE?

Yizibalo nje kusiphequluli sakho. Akukho okulondolozwayo noma okuthunyelwa ndawo.

Sishesha kangakanani?

Umuntu ohambayo cishe 5 km/h (3.1 mph)

Indian cobra cishe 7.8 km/h (4.8 mph)

Ingane egibele ibhayisikili cishe 12 km/h (7.5 mph)

kuhle ukwazi

Amaqiniso

Its venom is used as an intoxicant in India. Snake charmers have been paid to provide bites from their snakes, and the effects include loss of consciousness, euphoria and sedation.1

Hatchlings are independent from birth and have fully working venom glands, so even young snakes can deliver venom.1

It is revered in Hindu mythology and culture, and is often seen with snake charmers.1

It is protected under the Indian Wildlife Protection Act (1972).1

Okongoti bobuthi

Igama lesayensi: Naja naja
Iqembu: Izimfezi, izimamba nama-krait
Umndeni: Elapidae2
Ukuhleleka: Squamata
Amazwekazi: I-Asia
Izinsana: It lays eggs, usually 10 to 30 in rat holes or termite mounds between April and July. The eggs hatch after 48 to 69 days.1
Ingozi ebantwini: 5 / 5: Kuyabulala3

Lapho amaqiniso evela khona

Indian cobra (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Naja naja (iNaturalist): amagama nokuhlelwa ngezigaba.
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