Venom Wiki / Zonke izilwane / Ama-viper namabululu

Inombolo 0320 kwezingu-1 402

Ibululu

Bitis arietans

Mayelana negama: Igama lohlobo elithi arietans lisho ukuthi "ukushaya ngamandla amakhulu". Livela egameni lesiLatini elithi arieto.1

KuyabulalaEsinye sezilwane ezibulala kakhulu eMhlabeni. Uma sikuluma, biza usizo khona manjalo.Usizo olusheshayo ne-antivenom kusindisa abantu abaningi. Shayela inombolo yezimo eziphuthumayo khona manjalo.

Ama-viper namabululu

UkulumaSidla: Inyama

Ingozi ebantwini: KuyabulalaEsinye sezilwane eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni.

Ibululu liyinyoka enkulu nekhuluphele yohlobo lwamabululu. Litholakala cishe kuyo yonke i-Afrika nasezingxenyeni zeNhlonhlo yase-Arabhiya. Lingenye yezinyoka eziyingozi kakhulu e-Afrika. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi lihlala ezindaweni lapho abantu abaningi behlala futhi besebenza khona, futhi linobuthi obunamandla kakhulu. Umbala walo uyalifihla kahle, ngakho kulula ukunyathela eduze kwalo ungaliboni.1

Ihlala

E-Afrika, ngaphandle kweSahara nezindawo zamahlathi emvula. Litholakala nase-Morocco, entshonalanga ye-Arabhiya, naseNhlonhlo yase-Arabhiya kuze kufike enyakatho e-Ta'if.1

I-Afrika, I-Asia

Ekhaya

Lihlala emasavanna nasemadlelweni. Litholakala kakhulu emadlelweni anamatshe. Lithanda ukwotha ilanga eduze kwezindlela zabahambi ngezinyawo nasezihlahleni eziphansi. Yilapho abantu bevame ukuhlangana nalo khona.1

Ubude

1.9 m (6.2 ft)1

Ubude bonke, umzimba nomsila ndawonye. Ubukhulu obuvamile bucishe bube ngu-100 cm. Lawo atholakala eSaudi Arabia ngokuvamile awedluli ku-80 cm.

Isisindo

6 kg (13 lb)1

Ijubane eliphezulu

cishe 3.7 km/h (2.3 mph)

Emhlabathini, isiqagela nje

Sidlani?

Ngokuvamile lizingela ebusuku, futhi alivamile ukuhamba lifuna ukudla. Kunalokho, licathama lilinde isilwane esizingelwayo sidlule. Lidla amagundane, izinyoni, izilwane eziphila emanzini nasemhlabathini (njengamaxoxo), izibankwa, ezinye izinyoka, izimfudu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi nezinyamazane ezincane.1

Isithombe sika-Ibululu — Ibululu. Isithombe: Bernard DUPONT. CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

Indlela yokusibona

Umzimba ukhuluphele futhi usindayo. Ngokuvamile libude obucishe bube ngu-1,0 m, kuhlanganise nomsila.1
Linemigqa emibili emnyama enqamula phezulu ekhanda. Kukhona nemigqa emibili emnyama esuka eso ngalinye yehle ezinhlangothini zekhanda.1
Umhlane uphuzi njengotshani obomile, noma unsundu ngokukhanyayo, noma uwolintshi, noma unsundu obomvu. Unemigqa engu-18–22 ensundu ngokumnyama kuya kokumnyama, emise okwesimo se-V, ehla ngomhlane nangomsila.1
Kwamanye amaqembu alezi zinyoka, umzimba unamachashaza amaningi ansundu namnyama. Lokhu kwenza libukeke linsundu njengothuli noma limnyama.1
Amaduna asezindaweni eziphakeme zaseMpumalanga Afrika naseNtshonalanga Kapa eNingizimu Afrika avame ukuba nephethini ephuzi nemnyama egqamile kakhulu.1

Amandla obuthi

Ukuluma

Ubuthi buphuma ngamazinyo aso obuthi noma ngamazinyo uma siluma.

Ubuthi baso benzani?

Ubuthi balo bubulala izicubu, okusho ukuthi bucekela phansi izicubu zomzimba. Ukulunywa kubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukuvuvukala, ukopha ngaphansi kwesikhumba, kanti ezimweni ezimbi kakhulu kubangela ukufa kwezicubu okungasabalala kuholele ekuboleni kwenyama (i-gangrene). Ezinye izimpawu zihlanganisa ukwethuka (i-shock), isicanucanu, ukuhlanza, isiyezi, nezikhathi lapho umuntu engaqondi kahle. Ukufa kungenzeka ngemva kwamahora acishe abe ngu-25 ngomthamo ocishe ube ngu-100 mg. Ngokuvamile ukufa kwenzeka ezinsukwini ezingu-2–4 ngemva kokulunywa, ngenxa yezinkinga ezilandelayo.1

Siyingozi kangakanani ebantwini?

Ingozi ebantwini: KuyabulalaEsinye sezilwane eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni.

Libulala abantu abaningi ngokulunywa e-Afrika kunanoma iyiphi enye inyoka yase-Afrika. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi litholakala ezindaweni eziningi, livame ukuba seduze nabantu, likhulu, linobuthi obunamandla, futhi linolaka. Ukufa akuvamile ezimweni ezingelashwanga, kodwa ukulunywa okubi kakhulu kungabulala. Omunye umbiko uthi kwafa abangu-52%. Ukufa okuningi kuhlobene nokunakekelwa kabi kwezempilo.1

Senzani uma sesabile?

Uma liphazamiseka, liyafutha kakhulu futhi lingaphezi. Lizigoqa liqine, ingxenye engaphambili yomzimba ibe njengo-S oqinile. Lingase lihlehlele lapho lingacasha khona, bese liluma ngokuzumayo nangokushesha okukhulu.1

Uma siluma

Gcina umuntu engashukumi futhi ezolile, gcina isitho esilunyiwe sisezingeni lenhliziyo, khipha izindandatho nezinto eziqinile, bese umusa esibhedlela ngokushesha.

Njalo shayela kuqala inombolo yezimo eziphuthumayo (112, 000, 911). Lokhu kuyiseluleko sosizo lokuqala esijwayelekile, akusona iseluleko sezokwelapha. Izisekelo zosizo lokuqala

Hlala uphephile

Ungalokothi uthinte, ubambe noma ugcone isilwane sasendle, ngisho noma sincane, futhi ngisho noma sibukeka silele noma sifile.
Sinike isikhala. Uma uhlangana naso, hlala uzolile, uhlehle kancane bese usiyeka sihambe ngendlela yaso.
Uma sikuluma: hlala uzolile, ungashukumi, shayela inombolo yezimo eziphuthumayo (112, 000, 911) noma uye esibhedlela ngokushesha. Khumbula ukuthi besibukeka kanjani, isithombe siyasiza.

Asikuzingeli wena. Sisebenzisa ubuthi baso ukuze sibambe ukudla noma ukuzivikela, futhi singancamela ukucasha. Okwengeziwe mayelana nokuhlala uphephile

Kuphi emhlabeni?

I-Afrika I-Asia I-Yurophu INyakatho Melika INingizimu Melika I-Australia ne-Oceania

Sikhulu kangakanani?

Side kangakanani?

Sisinda kangakanani?

sisinda njengamakati asekhaya angu-1.5

side njengamakati asekhaya angu-4 kusuka ekhaleni kuya emsileniside njengobhanana abangu-11 abalandelanayosisinda cishe njengekati lasekhayasingahamba amamitha ali-100 ngemizuzwana engu-97 (umuntu oshesha kunabo bonke udinga engu-9,6)

Ibululu mkhulu kangakanani uma uqhathanisa NAWE?

Yizibalo nje kusiphequluli sakho. Akukho okulondolozwayo noma okuthunyelwa ndawo.

Sishesha kangakanani?

Ufudu cishe 0.3 km/h (0.19 mph)

Ibululu cishe 3.7 km/h (2.3 mph)

Umuntu ohambayo cishe 5 km/h (3.1 mph)

kuhle ukwazi

Amaqiniso

Insikazi esesikhungweni sezilwane e-Czech yazala amazinyane angu-156. Lawa angamazinyane amaningi kakhulu kunawo wonke abhalwe phansi kunoma yiluphi uhlobo lwenyoka.1

Amazinyo alo obuthi made futhi angangena ajule. Amandla okuluma kwalo angabulala isilwane esizingelwayo ngokusilimaza nje kuphela.1

Ibululu elikhulu elidala lingakhipha ubuthi obuphakathi kuka-150 no-350 mg ngesikhathi esisodwa, kanti obukhulu kakhulu bungu-750 mg.1

Izinja nezintibane, ezizingela ngephunga, kuzinzima ukulithola ngoba liyakwazi ukufihla iphunga lalo.1

Lingelinye lamabululu anobuthi obunamandla kakhulu ngokwe-LD50 (umthamo obulala ingxenye yezilwane ezihlolwayo ocwaningweni).1

Liyakwazi kahle ukubhukuda nokugibela. Elinye latholakala lingu-4,6 m ngaphezu komhlabathi esihlahleni esiminyene.1

Umqothuli wezinganekwane

Inganekwane: Amabululu ayizinyoka ezisheshayo nezinolaka ezixosha abantu.

Iqiniso: Ngokuvamile ayavilapha futhi athembele embaleni yawo ukuze azivikele. Ayaluma uma ephazanyiswa, kodwa ngokuvamile awabaxoshi abantu.1

Okongoti bobuthi

Igama lesayensi: Bitis arietans
Iqembu: Ama-viper namabululu
Umndeni: Viperidae2
Ukuhleleka: Squamata
Amazwekazi: I-Afrika, I-Asia
Izinsana: Lizala amazinyane aphilayo, futhi liwazala amaningi. Ngokuvamile azalwa angu-50–60, futhi kubikwe nokuzalwa kwangaphezu kuka-80 ngesikhathi esisodwa. Amazinyane asanda kuzalwa aba bude obungu-12,5–17,5 cm.1
Ingozi ebantwini: 5 / 5: Kuyabulala3

Lapho amaqiniso evela khona

Puff adder (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Bitis arietans (iNaturalist): amagama nokuhlelwa ngezigaba.
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