Venom Wiki / Zonke izilwane / Ama-viper namabululu

Inombolo 0316 kwezingu-1 402

Inhlangwane kaRussell

Daboia russelii

Mayelana negama: Iqanjwe ngoPatrick Russell, isazi semvelo esachaza le nyoka ngo-1796. Igama lohlobo (genus) kucatshangwa ukuthi livela egameni lesiHindi elithi daboyā, elisho ukuthi "lokho okucashile" noma "ocathamayo".1

KuyabulalaEsinye sezilwane ezibulala kakhulu eMhlabeni. Uma sikuluma, biza usizo khona manjalo.Usizo olusheshayo ne-antivenom kusindisa abantu abaningi. Shayela inombolo yezimo eziphuthumayo khona manjalo.

Ama-viper namabululu

UkulumaSidla: Inyama

Ingozi ebantwini: KuyabulalaEsinye sezilwane eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni.

Inhlangwane kaRussell yinyoka enobuthi obunamandla kakhulu etholakala eNingizimu ye-Asia. Ingenye yezinyoka ezine ezinobuthi ezaziwa ngokuthi "Ezine Ezinkulu" kuleyo ndawo. Yaziwa ngokuluma okubuhlungu kakhulu. Ivamise ukuhlala eduze nabantu ngoba izingela amagundane atholakala emapulazini nasemizaneni.1

Ihlala

ENdiya, eSri Lanka, eBangladesh, eNepal nasePakistan, eNingizimu ye-Asia1

I-Asia

Ekhaya

Ihlala ezindaweni ezivulekile ezinotshani noma izihlahla, ehlathini lezihlahlana, emahlathini atshaliwe nasemasimini. Ivame ukuba sezindaweni eziyizithaba, ezindaweni eziphansi ngasogwini nasemagqumeni. Ivamise ukutholakala emadolobheni nasemizaneni, lapho amagundane amaningi khona. Ngakho abantu abasebenza ngaphandle kulezi zindawo basengozini enkulu yokulunywa.1

Ubude

1.7 m (5.4 ft)1

Ubude obukhulu bomzimba nomsila. Ngokwesilinganiso bungaba ngu-120 cm ezwekazini lase-Asia, futhi bumfushane kancane eziqhingini.

Ijubane eliphezulu

cishe 3.9 km/h (2.4 mph)

Emhlabathini, isiqagela nje

Sidlani?

Idla kakhulu amagundane. Iphinde idle izilwane ezihuquzelayo ezincane, izinkalankala zasemhlabathini, ofezela nezinye izilwane ezingenamgogodla ezinemilenze enamalunga. Izinyoka ezincane zizingela izibankwa ngokuhwalala, futhi zithi uma zikhula zigxile ekudleni amagundane.1

Isithombe sika-Inhlangwane kaRussell — Inhlangwane kaRussell. Isithombe: AChawla. CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Indlela yokusibona

Umzimba ophuzi ngokujulile, onsundu ngokukhanyayo noma onsundu, onemigqa emithathu yamachashaza ansundu amnyama ehamba ubude bawo1
Ichashaza ngalinye elimnyama linendingilizi emnyama enomphetho omhlophe noma ophuzi ozungezile1
Amabala amabili amnyama ezinkotheni, kanye nophawu olumise okwe-V noma i-X ekhanda, olubomvana, olunombala we-salmon noma olunsundu1
Ikhanda eliyisicaba, elingunxantathu, elihlukene ngokusobala nentamo1
Umzimba oqinile, oyindilinga, onomsila omfushane ongaba ngu-14% wobude bonke1

Ivamise ukudidaniswa ne: Inhlwathi yesihlabathi enamazengezenge amahhadlahhadla, i-Eryx conicus, ivamise ukuba nephethini lemibala efana nelenhlangwane kaRussell. Ayinangozi neze, ngakho kusadingeka ukuqaphela nganoma iyiphi inyoka ebukeka kanje.1

Amandla obuthi

Ukuluma

Ubuthi buphuma ngamazinyo aso obuthi noma ngamazinyo uma siluma.

Ubuthi baso benzani?

Amazinyo ayo obuthi made futhi angenalutho ngaphakathi. Ikhiqiza ubuthi obuningi, futhi eminye imibiko ithi abadala bakhipha cishe u-130 kuya ku-250 mg. Izimpawu zokulunywa ziqala ngobuhlungu obukhulu nokuvuvukala. Bese kulandela ukopha ezinsinini nasemchameni, ukwehla komfutho wegazi nokushaya kancane kwenhliziyo. Amabhamuza angasakazeka elungeni, futhi izinso ziyafeyila cishe ku-25 kuya ku-30 wamaphesenti okulunywa okungelashwanga.1

Siyingozi kangakanani ebantwini?

Ingozi ebantwini: KuyabulalaEsinye sezilwane eziyingozi kakhulu emhlabeni.

Yaziwa ngokuluma okubuhlungu kakhulu futhi ingenye yezinyoka ezine ezinobuthi ezaziwa ngokuthi "Ezine Ezinkulu" kuleyo ndawo. Umthamo obulalayo kubantu abaningi ungaba ngu-40 kuya ku-70 mg, futhi lokhu kungaphakathi kwenani ukuluma okukodwa okungalifaka. Ukufa kungalandela ezinsukwini ezi-1 kuya kweziyi-14 ngemuva kokulunywa, noma ngezinye izikhathi kamuva, ngenxa yokutheleleka, ukufeyila kwezinso, ukwehluleka ukuphefumula noma ukufeyila kwenhliziyo. Ocwaningweni olulodwa lwabantu abasinda ekulunyweni, u-29% walimala kakhulu indlala ye-pituitary, okwabe sekudala i-hypopituitarism kamuva.1

Izindaba ezinhle: odokotela banomuthi (i-antivenom) noma indlela yokwelapha lokhu.1

Senzani uma sesabile?

Uma isongelwa, izigoqa ibe yizigoqo eziningi ezimise okwe-S, iphakamise ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu yangaphambili yomzimba wayo, bese ihwasha kakhulu.1

Uma siluma

Ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni nokuthola i-antivenom (umuthi olwa nobuthi) kusenesikhathi kungavimbela izinkinga ezinkulu futhi kunciphise kakhulu ingozi yokufa. Funa usizo lwezempilo ngokushesha okukhulu ngemuva kokulunywa nganoma iyiphi indlela.1
Gcina umuntu engashukumi futhi ezolile, gcina isitho esilunyiwe sisezingeni lenhliziyo, khipha izindandatho nezinto eziqinile, bese umusa esibhedlela ngokushesha.

Njalo shayela kuqala inombolo yezimo eziphuthumayo (112, 000, 911). Lokhu kuyiseluleko sosizo lokuqala esijwayelekile, akusona iseluleko sezokwelapha. Izisekelo zosizo lokuqala

Hlala uphephile

Ungalokothi uthinte, ubambe noma ugcone isilwane sasendle, ngisho noma sincane, futhi ngisho noma sibukeka silele noma sifile.
Sinike isikhala. Uma uhlangana naso, hlala uzolile, uhlehle kancane bese usiyeka sihambe ngendlela yaso.
Uma sikuluma: hlala uzolile, ungashukumi, shayela inombolo yezimo eziphuthumayo (112, 000, 911) noma uye esibhedlela ngokushesha. Khumbula ukuthi besibukeka kanjani, isithombe siyasiza.

Asikuzingeli wena. Sisebenzisa ubuthi baso ukuze sibambe ukudla noma ukuzivikela, futhi singancamela ukucasha. Okwengeziwe mayelana nokuhlala uphephile

Kuphi emhlabeni?

I-Afrika I-Asia I-Yurophu INyakatho Melika INingizimu Melika I-Australia ne-Oceania

Sikhulu kangakanani?

Side kangakanani?

side njengamakati asekhaya angu-3 kusuka ekhaleni kuya emsileniside njengobhanana abangu-9 abalandelanayosingahamba amamitha ali-100 ngemizuzwana engu-92 (umuntu oshesha kunabo bonke udinga engu-9,6)

Inhlangwane kaRussell mkhulu kangakanani uma uqhathanisa NAWE?

Yizibalo nje kusiphequluli sakho. Akukho okulondolozwayo noma okuthunyelwa ndawo.

Sishesha kangakanani?

Ufudu cishe 0.3 km/h (0.19 mph)

Inhlangwane kaRussell cishe 3.9 km/h (2.4 mph)

Umuntu ohambayo cishe 5 km/h (3.1 mph)

kuhle ukwazi

Amaqiniso

Uma ihlasela, ingasebenzisa amandla amakhulu kangangokuthi ezinkulu ziyaphakama emhlabathini.1

Kuthiwa ukuhwasha kwayo kukhulu kunokwanoma iyiphi enye inyoka.1

Ezindala zivamise ukuhamba kancane futhi zivilaphe, futhi azivamile ukuhlasela ngaphandle uma zicasulwe, kodwa zingahlasela ngokushesha okukhulu.1

Inhlwathi yesihlabathi engenangozi isiguquke yaba nephethini lemibala efana nelale nhlangwane, okungenzeka kuyisiza ukuba igweme izilwane ezizingelayo.1

Umama angathatha cishe amahora angu-4,5 ezala, njengoba kubonisa ukuzalwa okukodwa okwaqoshwa kwamazinyane ayi-11.1

Umqothuli wezinganekwane

Inganekwane: Izinhlangwane zikaRussell zijaha abantu zibalume.

Iqiniso: Azivamile ukuhlasela ngaphandle uma zicasulwe. Indlela yazo yokusabisa, yokuzigoqa okwe-S nokuhwasha, iye yenza abantu bakholwe ukuthi ziyabajaha. Kodwa zinamandla futhi zingasabela ngodlame uma ziphakanyiswa.1

Okongoti bobuthi

Igama lesayensi: Daboia russelii
Iqembu: Ama-viper namabululu
Umndeni: Viperidae2
Ukuhleleka: Squamata
Amazwekazi: I-Asia
Izinsana: Izala amazinyane aphilayo (i-ovoviviparous). Kuvamile ukuzala amazinyane angama-20 kuya kwangama-40 ngesikhathi esisodwa, nakuba kwesinye isikhathi kungaba elilodwa kuphela. Inani eliphezulu elibikiwe ngu-75.1
Ingozi ebantwini: 5 / 5: Kuyabulala3

Lapho amaqiniso evela khona

Russell's viper (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Daboia russelii (iNaturalist): amagama nokuhlelwa ngezigaba.
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