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Ikhathuni ka-Oak processionary
Inombolo 1044 kwezingu-1 402

Oak processionary

Thaumetopoea processionea
Mayelana negama: The name comes from the caterpillars' habit of moving in nose-to-tail lines called processions.1
Kubuhlungu njeUngathintiKubuhlungu, kodwa ngeke kukulimaze kakhulu.
Izimbungu nezinambuzane Izinwele ezihlabayoSidla: Izitshalo
Ingozi ebantwini: KubuhlunguKungaba buhlungu ngempela, kodwa cishe akukaze kube kubi kakhulu.

The oak processionary is a moth whose caterpillars feed on oak leaves and can strip trees bare. The caterpillars travel in long, nose-to-tail lines, which is how they got their name. Their fine, hair-like bristles can irritate skin and breathing, so they matter a lot to people.1

Ihlala
Central and southern Europe, occasionally as far north as Sweden; now established in the UK and Belgium1
I-Yurophu
Ekhaya
Oak forests and oak trees, where the caterpillars feed and build silk nests on trunks and branches. People can meet them in oak woodland, on the ground under oaks, and in gardens and parks with oak trees. Their hairs can also reach lawns and garden ponds.1
Ubude
2.5 cm kuya ku-3.5 cm (1 in kuya ku-1.4 in)1
Ijubane eliphezulu
cishe 0.03 km/h (0.02 mph)
Emhlabathini, isiqagela nje
Sidlani?
Caterpillars eat oak leaves, feeding in the tree crowns at night and returning to their nests. They also eat the leaves of hazel, hornbeam, sweet chestnut, birch and beech, though oak is preferred.1
Ngempela!Isithombe sika-Oak processionary
Oak processionary. Isithombe: Kleuske. CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

Indlela yokusibona

  • Adult moths have a wingspan of 25 to 35 mm and are tan, brown and white, which makes them hard to see against oak bark.1
  • Caterpillars have very long, white hairs that contrast with shorter hairs.1
  • Caterpillars march in lines, often arrow-shaped, with a leader and rows of several caterpillars side by side.1
  • Nests are white and silk-like when new, and become discoloured and hard to see over time.1
  • Nests can be round, teardrop-shaped, bag-like or blanket-like, and can be found at any height on an oak tree.1

Ivamise ukudidaniswa ne: Caterpillars of several other species may be mistaken for the oak processionary. Unlike other caterpillars, the oak processionary does not live on fences or walls, so it is mostly found in oak trees or on the ground beneath them in late spring and early summer.1

Amandla obuthi

Izinwele ezihlabayo

Izinwele ezincane noma amaboya aphukela esikhumbeni bese ehlaba.

Ubuthi baso benzani?

The caterpillars' back bristles contain a urticating toxin called thaumetopoein, a protein that irritates the skin. Contact can cause a papular rash and itching, and the hairs can also cause eye inflammation (conjunctivitis). If the hairs are breathed in, they can cause sore throat (pharyngitis), breathing problems, asthma, or in rare cases anaphylaxis, a severe allergic reaction.1

Siyingozi kangakanani ebantwini?

Ingozi ebantwini: KubuhlunguKungaba buhlungu ngempela, kodwa cishe akukaze kube kubi kakhulu.

The moths are an increasing nuisance to people as their range grows, and the hairs can cause a skin condition called epidemic caterpillar dermatitis. The hairs break off easily, float in the air, and can stay harmful for several seasons. Mowing a lawn can bring people into contact with them.1

Izindaba ezinhle: odokotela banomuthi (i-antivenom) noma indlela yokwelapha lokhu.1

Senzani uma sesabile?

The caterpillars defend themselves with thousands of pointed, easily broken bristles on their backs that float in the air and irritate the skin.1

Uma uthinta izinwele zaso

  • The skin irritation and itching can be largely relieved by cetirizine-based antihistamine tablets. Anyone with breathing problems or a severe reaction needs urgent medical help.1
  • Ezinweleni zezimbungu ezihlabayo: zisuse ngetheyiphu enamathelayo, bese ugeza isikhumba. Ungahlikihli.
  • Uma kulunyiwe: geza bese upholisa. Thola usizo lwezokwelapha uma umuntu ezizwa engaphilile noma opha kalula.

Njalo shayela kuqala inombolo yezimo eziphuthumayo (112, 000, 911). Lokhu kuyiseluleko sosizo lokuqala esijwayelekile, akusona iseluleko sezokwelapha. Izisekelo zosizo lokuqala

Hlala uphephile

  • Ungalokothi uthinte, ubambe noma ugcone isilwane sasendle, ngisho noma sincane, futhi ngisho noma sibukeka silele noma sifile.
  • Sinike isikhala. Uma uhlangana naso, hlala uzolile, uhlehle kancane bese usiyeka sihambe ngendlela yaso.
  • Uma uthinta izinwele zaso: hlala uzolile, ungashukumi, shayela inombolo yezimo eziphuthumayo (112, 000, 911) noma uye esibhedlela ngokushesha. Khumbula ukuthi besibukeka kanjani, isithombe siyasiza.

Asikuzingeli wena. Sisebenzisa ubuthi baso ukuze sibambe ukudla noma ukuzivikela, futhi singancamela ukucasha. Okwengeziwe mayelana nokuhlala uphephile

Kuphi emhlabeni?

I-AfrikaI-AsiaI-YurophuINyakatho MelikaINingizimu MelikaI-Australia ne-Oceania

Sikhulu kangakanani?

Side kangakanani?

Oak processionary ubude obucishe bube ngu-3.5 cm (1.4 in)Isibophi sephepha cishe 3 cm (1.2 in)Iselula ehlakaniphile cishe 15 cm (5.9 in)
side cishe njengesibophi sephephasihamba kancane kunomnenke wasengadini

Oak processionary mkhulu kangakanani uma uqhathanisa NAWE?

Yizibalo nje kusiphequluli sakho. Akukho okulondolozwayo noma okuthunyelwa ndawo.

Sishesha kangakanani?

kuhle ukwazi

Amaqiniso

1

Older caterpillars can have up to 63,000 pointed defensive bristles on their backs.1

2

In 2007, soldiers were deployed to burn infestations in the Belgian province of Limburg.1

3

The UK government spent £37 million trying to control the caterpillars, which had spread to all 33 London boroughs by 2019.1

4

In the Netherlands, great tits have been observed eating the young caterpillars before their hairs develop in April.1

5

In 2023, an outbreak in Ireland was successfully eradicated.1

Okongoti bobuthi

Igama lesayensi
Thaumetopoea processionea
Iqembu
Izimbungu nezinambuzane
Umndeni
Notodontidae2
Ukuhleleka
Lepidoptera
Amazwekazi
I-Yurophu
Izinsana
Eggs hatch into caterpillars that build communal silk nests in oak trees, and the caterpillars later pupate into adult moths in these nests.1
Ingozi ebantwini
2 / 5: Kubuhlungu3

Lapho amaqiniso evela khona

  1. Oak processionary (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Thaumetopoea processionea (iNaturalist): amagama nokuhlelwa ngezigaba.
  3. Venom Wiki: izinga lengozi, usayizi ojwayelekile nesiqagela sejubane kungokwethu. Bona ukuthi sikubala kanjani: Indlela esilinganisa ngayo ingozi.

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