Venom Wiki / Zonke izilwane / Ama-viper namabululu

Inombolo 0321 kwezingu-1 402

Gaboon viper

Bitis gabonica

Mayelana negama: The name 'Gaboon' comes from Gabon, a name first given by the Portuguese to an estuary on which the town of Libreville was built.1

KungabulalaKungakubulala uma ungelashwa. Uma sikuluma, thola usizo ngokushesha.

Ama-viper namabululu

UkulumaSidla: Inyama

Ingozi ebantwini: Kuyingozi kakhuluSingabulala umuntu ongatholi kwelashwa.

The Gaboon viper is a large, heavy snake with a striking pattern of pale and dark markings. It lives in the rainforests and savannas of sub-Saharan Africa. It is one of the most venomous snakes in the world, so knowing what it looks like matters.1

Ihlala

Rainforests and savannas of sub-Saharan Africa, from Guinea and Ghana east to Kenya and northeast KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa1

I-Afrika

Ekhaya

It is usually found in rainforests and nearby woodlands, mainly at low altitudes. It is also common in farmland near forests, such as cacao and coffee plantations, and it is often found on roads at night.1

Ubude

1.2 m kuya ku-1.8 m (4.1 ft kuya ku-5.7 ft)1

Isisindo

8.5 kg kuya ku-11 kg (19 lb kuya ku-25 lb)1

Ijubane eliphezulu

cishe 4 km/h (2.5 mph)

Emhlabathini, isiqagela nje

Sidlani?

It hunts mainly by ambush, waiting motionless for prey to pass. It eats amphibians, mammals and birds, and it is able to take prey as large as fully grown rabbits. Once it strikes, it holds on to its prey with its fangs rather than letting go.1

Isithombe sika-Gaboon viper — Gaboon viper. Isithombe: Nick Schaller. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Indlela yokusibona

A large, heavy, stout body, with a large triangular head and a neck much narrower than the head1
A series of pale, rectangular blotches down the centre of the back, with dark hourglass markings edged in yellow1
A white or cream head with a fine dark central line and a dark blue-black triangle behind and below each eye1
Small raised 'horns' between the nostrils, which are tiny in this species1
Its camouflage works well among dead leaves under trees, so it can be hard to see1

Ivamise ukudidaniswa ne: The Congolese giant toad (Sclerophrys channingi) may be a mimic of this snake. Its head appears to resemble the viper's head, while its body is darker.1

Amandla obuthi

Ukuluma

Ubuthi buphuma ngamazinyo aso obuthi noma ngamazinyo uma siluma.

Ubuthi baso benzani?

The venom is cytotoxic, which means it damages cells, and cardiotoxic, which means it harms the heart. Each bite can deliver a large amount of venom, because the snake does not release its grip after biting.1

Siyingozi kangakanani ebantwini?

Ingozi ebantwini: Kuyingozi kakhuluSingabulala umuntu ongatholi kwelashwa.

Bites are extremely rare, because the snake is seldom aggressive and lives mostly in rainforest areas. Most bites happen when people accidentally step on it. Even an average bite from an average-sized snake is potentially fatal.1

Izindaba ezinhle: odokotela banomuthi (i-antivenom) noma indlela yokwelapha lokhu.1

Senzani uma sesabile?

When threatened it hisses loudly in a deep, steady rhythm and flattens its head slightly with each breath. It is unlikely to strike unless it is severely provoked.1

Uma siluma

Any bite should be treated as a serious medical emergency. Antivenom should be given as soon as possible to save the limb or the person's life.1
Gcina umuntu engashukumi futhi ezolile, gcina isitho esilunyiwe sisezingeni lenhliziyo, khipha izindandatho nezinto eziqinile, bese umusa esibhedlela ngokushesha.

Njalo shayela kuqala inombolo yezimo eziphuthumayo (112, 000, 911). Lokhu kuyiseluleko sosizo lokuqala esijwayelekile, akusona iseluleko sezokwelapha. Izisekelo zosizo lokuqala

Hlala uphephile

Ungalokothi uthinte, ubambe noma ugcone isilwane sasendle, ngisho noma sincane, futhi ngisho noma sibukeka silele noma sifile.
Sinike isikhala. Uma uhlangana naso, hlala uzolile, uhlehle kancane bese usiyeka sihambe ngendlela yaso.
Uma sikuluma: hlala uzolile, ungashukumi, shayela inombolo yezimo eziphuthumayo (112, 000, 911) noma uye esibhedlela ngokushesha. Khumbula ukuthi besibukeka kanjani, isithombe siyasiza.

Asikuzingeli wena. Sisebenzisa ubuthi baso ukuze sibambe ukudla noma ukuzivikela, futhi singancamela ukucasha. Okwengeziwe mayelana nokuhlala uphephile

Kuphi emhlabeni?

I-Afrika I-Asia I-Yurophu INyakatho Melika INingizimu Melika I-Australia ne-Oceania

Sikhulu kangakanani?

Side kangakanani?

Sisinda kangakanani?

sisinda njengamakati asekhaya angu-3

side njengamakati asekhaya angu-4 kusuka ekhaleni kuya emsileniside njengobhanana abangu-10 abalandelanayosingahamba amamitha ali-100 ngemizuzwana engu-90 (umuntu oshesha kunabo bonke udinga engu-9,6)

Gaboon viper mkhulu kangakanani uma uqhathanisa NAWE?

Yizibalo nje kusiphequluli sakho. Akukho okulondolozwayo noma okuthunyelwa ndawo.

Sishesha kangakanani?

Ufudu cishe 0.3 km/h (0.19 mph)

Gaboon viper cishe 4 km/h (2.5 mph)

Umuntu ohambayo cishe 5 km/h (3.1 mph)

kuhle ukwazi

Amaqiniso

A 1.8 m specimen caught in 1973 weighed 11.3 kg with an empty stomach. It is the heaviest venomous snake in Africa.1

Its eyes can move in unusual ways. If its head is turned 360°, one eye tilts up and the other tilts down.1

Although it is one of the fastest-striking snakes in the world, it usually tolerates handling and rarely bites or hisses.1

Unlike many African vipers, such as the puff adder, it does not release its grip after biting.1

Males fight by intertwining their necks and pushing. The winner pushes the other's head to the ground and raises his own head by 20–30 cm.1

Umqothuli wezinganekwane

Inganekwane: Because it is calm and tolerant, it is safe to handle.

Iqiniso: Some writers have described it as so docile it can be handled as freely as a harmless snake. This is absolutely not recommended: it is one of the fastest-striking snakes, and bites by bad-tempered individuals do occur.1

Okongoti bobuthi

Igama lesayensi: Bitis gabonica
Iqembu: Ama-viper namabululu
Umndeni: Viperidae2
Ukuhleleka: Squamata
Amazwekazi: I-Afrika
Izinsana: The young are born live, and a female can have 50 to 60 babies at one time.1
Ingozi ebantwini: 4 / 5: Kuyingozi kakhulu3

Lapho amaqiniso evela khona

Gaboon viper (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Bitis gabonica (iNaturalist): amagama nokuhlelwa ngezigaba.
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