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Pumpkin toadlet

Brachycephalus ephippium

Ciwo kawaiKada ka taɓaYana ciwo, amma ba zai cutar da kai sosai ba.

Kwaɗi masu guba, toad da newt

Guba a fatarsaAbinci: NamaMai guba, ba mai dafi ba

Haɗari ga mutane: Mai raɗaɗiYana iya yin ciwo sosai, amma kusan bai taɓa zama mai tsanani ba.

The pumpkin toadlet is a tiny, brightly coloured frog that lives in the leaf litter of the Atlantic rainforests of southeastern Brazil. Adults are bright yellow-orange, a warning sign that their skin and body carry a strong toxin. Scientists have found that the head and back of this frog glow under ultraviolet light.1

Mai guba ko mai dafi? Dabbobi masu dafi suna saka dafi a jiki ta hanyar cizo ko harbi. Dabbobi masu guba suna da illa idan an taɓa su ko an ci su. Wannan mai guba ne.

Yana zaune a

Southeastern Brazil: Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, southeastern São Paulo and southeastern Minas Gerais1

Kudancin Amurka

Gida

It lives among leaf litter on the forest floor of Atlantic rainforests, at altitudes of 200 to 1,250 metres. It is active during the day.1

Tsawo

1.2 cm zuwa 2 cm (0.5 in zuwa 0.8 in)1

Mafi girman sauri

kusan 2 km/h (1.2 mph)

A kan tudu, ƙiyasi

Me yake ci?

It feeds on tiny invertebrates found in the leaf litter.1

Hoton Pumpkin toadlet — Pumpkin toadlet. Hoto: Carlos Otávio Gussoni. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Yadda za ka gane shi

Adults are bright yellow-orange.1
Newly hatched young are brown and well camouflaged.1
It is very small, with adults measuring 12.5 to 19.7 mm from snout to vent.1
Females tend to be larger than males.1

Ana yawan rikita shi da: It is closely related to the red pumpkin toadlet (B. pitanga), which also glows under ultraviolet light and shares its inability to hear its own call.1

Ƙarfin guba

Guba a fatarsa

Fatarsa tana da guba. Yana da haɗari a taɓa shi, a lasa shi ko a ci shi.

Me gubarsa take yi?

This frog is poisonous rather than venomous, so it does not inject venom. Its main toxin is 11-oxotetrodotoxin, which is extremely rare in animals, even marine ones, and is four to five times more potent than tetrodotoxin. The toxins are found in the skin and ovaries but are mostly concentrated in the liver.1

Yaya haɗarinsa yake ga mutane?

Haɗari ga mutane: Mai raɗaɗiYana iya yin ciwo sosai, amma kusan bai taɓa zama mai tsanani ba.

Me yake yi idan ya ji tsoro?

Its bright yellow-orange colour is a warning display (aposematism) that tells predators it is toxic.1

Idan wani ya taɓa shi ko ya ci shi

Idan wani ya taɓa ɗaya: a wanke hannaye sosai kuma kada a taɓa idanu ko baki. Idan yaro ko dabbar gida ya lasa ko ya ci ɗaya: ka kira cibiyar guba ko lambar gaggawa.

Kullum ka fara kiran lambar gaggawa (112, 000, 911). Wannan jagorar agajin gaggawa ce ta gaba ɗaya, ba shawarar likita ba. Muhimman abubuwan agajin gaggawa

Kiyaye lafiya

Kada ka taɓa, kada ka kama, kada ka tsokani dabbar daji, ko da ƙarama ce, kuma ko da tana kama da tana barci ko ta mutu.
Ka ba shi sarari. Idan ka haɗu da ɗaya, ka natsu, ka koma baya a hankali kuma ka bar shi ya bi hanyarsa.
Idan ka taɓa shi ko ka ci shi: kada ka goge idanunka ko bakinka, ka wanke hannayenka kuma ka nemi taimakon likita.

Ba ya neman cutar da kai. Gubarsa tana nan ne kawai don kada wani abu ya cinye shi. Ƙarin bayani game da kiyaye lafiya

A ina a duniya?

Afirka Asiya Turai Arewacin Amurka Kudancin Amurka Ostareliya da Oceania

Yaya girmansa yake?

Yaya tsawonsa yake?

ya fi ɗan yatsanka gajartazai iya gudun mita 100 cikin daƙiƙa 180 (mutum mafi sauri yana buƙatar 9,6)

Yaya girman Pumpkin toadlet yake idan aka kwatanta da KAI?

Lissafi ne kawai a cikin burauzarka. Ba a adana komai ko a aika ko'ina.

Yaya saurinsa yake?

Kunkuru kusan 0.3 km/h (0.19 mph)

Pumpkin toadlet kusan 2 km/h (1.2 mph)

Mutum yana tafiya kusan 5 km/h (3.1 mph)

abin da ya kamata a sani

Bayanai

In 2019, scientists found that the head and back of this frog glow under ultraviolet light because of fluorescent skeletons. Young frogs that have gained adult colours still do not glow.1

Adults cannot hear the frequency of their own calls because their ears are underdeveloped. They communicate with movements such as inflating the vocal sac, gaping the mouth and waving their arms.1

Its main toxin, 11-oxotetrodotoxin, is extremely rare in animals, even in marine species.1

Its young hatch directly into tiny toadlets, skipping the tadpole stage.1

It is among the largest frogs in its genus, Brachycephalus.1

Mai karya tatsuniya

Tatsuniya: Its glow under ultraviolet light is a warning signal to predators.

Gaskiya: Studies suggest this is unlikely. Predators attack the frogs at the same rate whether or not they glow.1

Don ƙwararru a kan dafi

Sunan kimiyya: Brachycephalus ephippium
Rukuni: Kwaɗi masu guba, toad da newt
Iyali: Brachycephalidae2
Tsari: Anura
Nahiyoyi: Kudancin Amurka
Jarirai: It breeds by direct development. The female lays a few eggs on land, which hatch into young toadlets with no tadpole stage.1
Yadda yake a cikin daji: Not considered threatened1
Haɗari ga mutane: 2 / 5: Mai raɗaɗi3

Inda bayanan suka fito

Pumpkin toadlet (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Brachycephalus ephippium (iNaturalist): sunaye da rarrabuwa.
Venom Wiki: matakin haɗari, girman al'ada da ƙiyasin sauri namu ne. Ga yadda muke lissafa su: Yadda muke auna haɗari.

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