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Nose-horned viper

Vipera ammodytes

Gbasara aha ya: The scientific name ammodytes comes from Greek words meaning 'sand' and 'burrower' or 'diver', even though it prefers rocky places rather than sand.1

Nwere ike igbu mmadụỌ nwere ike igbu gị ma ọ bụrụ na enweghị ọgwụgwọ. Ọ bụrụ na ọ tara gị, chọọ enyemaka ngwa ngwa.

Viper na adder

ỊtaNri ya: Anụ

Ihe ize ndụ nye mmadụ: Ọ dị egwu nke ukwuuỌ nwere ike igbu onye na-enwetaghị ọgwụgwọ.

The nose-horned viper is a venomous snake with a small, soft horn on the tip of its snout. It lives on dry, rocky hillsides in northern Italy, the Balkans and parts of Asia Minor. It is often described as the most dangerous snake in Europe, so it is worth knowing what it looks like.1

Ebe obibi

Northern Italy, the Balkans, Greece, Turkey, Georgia and Syria, with records in southern Austria, Romania and Bulgaria.1

Yurop, Eshia

Ụlọ

It mainly lives on dry, rocky hillsides with sparse plants. It is sometimes found in woodland edges and clearings, and near people on railway embankments, farmland and vineyards where rubble piles and stone walls are present. At lower latitudes it may be found above 2000 m.1

Ogologo

14 cm ruo 85 cm (5.5 in ruo 2.8 ft)1

Ọsọ kacha elu

ihe dị ka 3.5 km/h (2.2 mph)

N'elu ala, nchepụta

Gịnị ka ọ na-eri?

Adults mainly eat small mammals and birds, and juveniles mostly eat lizards. Larger prey is struck, released, tracked and then swallowed, while smaller prey is swallowed without using the venom.1

Foto Nose-horned viper — Nose-horned viper. Foto: Holger Krisp. CC BY 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Otú ị ga-esi mata ya

A single small, soft and flexible horn on the snout, about 5 mm long.1
Males have a dark blotch or V-shaped marking on the back of the head and a thick black stripe running from behind the eye to the jaw.1
Males usually have a black tongue and a golden or coppery iris.1
Females are browner, with a less contrasting pattern and no dark blotch on the head.1
Both sexes have a dark zigzag stripe along the back, and the tail tip may be yellow, orange, red or green.1

Ike nsị

Ịta

Nsị na-esi n'eze nsị ya ma ọ bụ eze ya apụta mgbe ọ na-ata.

Gịnị ka nsị ọ na-agba na-eme?

The venom has both proteolytic (breaks down tissue) and neurotoxic (attacks the nerves) parts, and it contains blood-clotting agents. Bites cause pain, swelling and discolouration, which may start straight away, and there are also reports of dizziness and tingling. Humans respond rapidly to this venom.1

Kedu otú o si dị egwu nye mmadụ?

Ihe ize ndụ nye mmadụ: Ọ dị egwu nke ukwuuỌ nwere ike igbu onye na-enwetaghị ọgwụgwọ.

It is likely the most dangerous snake found in Europe, and in some areas it is a significant medical risk. The venom is rarely deadly when hospital care is available. It is generally lethargic and not aggressive, and it tends not to bite without considerable provocation.1

Ozi ọma: ndị dọkịta nwere ọgwụ (antivenom) ma ọ bụ ọgwụgwọ maka nke a.1

Gịnị ka ọ na-eme mgbe ụjọ tụrụ ya?

When surprised, some individuals stay still and hiss loudly, some hiss and then flee, and others try to bite immediately.1

Ọ bụrụ na ọ tara

Get to a hospital: the venom is rarely deadly when hospital care is available.1
Mee ka onye ahụ ghara imegharị ahụ, dịkwa jụụ, debe aka ma ọ bụ ụkwụ ahụ ọ tara n'ogo obi, wepụ mgbanaka na ihe ndị kekọrọ ahụ ike, kpọga ya ụlọ ọgwụ ngwa ngwa.

Na-ebu ụzọ kpọọ nọmba mberede gị mgbe niile (112, 000, 911). Nke a bụ ndụmọdụ enyemaka mbụ n'ozuzu, ọ bụghị ndụmọdụ ọgwụ. Isi ihe enyemaka mbụ

Nọrọ na nchekwa

Emetụla anụ ọhịa aka, ejidela ya, emekwala ya ihe ọjọọ, ọbụna obere, ọbụna ma ọ dị ka ọ na-ehi ụra ma ọ bụ nwụọ anwụ.
Nye ya ohere. Ọ bụrụ na ị zutere otu, dị jụụ, laghachi azụ nwayọ, hapụ ya ka ọ gaa ụzọ ya.
Ọ bụrụ na otu tara gị: dị jụụ, emegharịla ahụ, kpọọ nọmba mberede gị (112, 000, 911) ma ọ bụ gaa ụlọ ọgwụ ngwa ngwa. Cheta ka o si dị, foto na-enye aka.

Ọ naghị achụ gị. Ọ na-eji nsị ya ejide nri ma ọ bụ chebe onwe ya, ọ ga-akakwa mma n'anya ya ịzo onwe ya. Ihe ndị ọzọ gbasara ịnọ na nchekwa

Ebee n'ụwa?

Afrịka Eshia Yurop Ugwu Amerika Ndịda Amerika Ọstrelia na Oshenia

Ọ hà aṅaa?

Kedu otú o si dị ogologo?

dị ogologo dị ka nwamba ụlọ 1.5 site n'imi ruo n'ọdụdị ogologo dị ka unere 5 a tọgbọrọ n'ahịrịnwere ike ịgba ọsọ mita 100 n'ime sekọnd 100 (mmadụ kacha ọsọ chọrọ 9,6)

Kedu otú Nose-horned viper si hà ma e jiri ya tụnyere GỊ?

Naanị mgbakọ na mwepụ n'ime browser gị. Ọ dịghị ihe echekwara ma ọ bụ ezigara ebe ọ bụla.

Kedu otú o si agba ọsọ?

Mbe ihe dị ka 0.3 km/h (0.19 mph)

Nose-horned viper ihe dị ka 3.5 km/h (2.2 mph)

Mmadụ na-aga ije ihe dị ka 5 km/h (3.1 mph)

ọ dị mma ịmara

Eziokwu

Its venom is used to make antivenin for the bites of other European vipers, and the snake is farmed for this purpose.1

Its horn is soft and flexible, not hard like a true horn.1

Before mating, males perform a combat dance, similar to that of adders.1

On one island, snakes were smaller than elsewhere, which suggests regional or island dwarfism.1

It hibernates for two to six months each year, depending on conditions.1

It is ovoviviparous, meaning the eggs hatch inside the mother, so the young are born alive.1

Onye na-ekpughe akụkọ ụgha

Akụkọ ụgha: Because of its reputation, it is an aggressive snake that bites readily.

Eziokwu: It is generally lethargic and not at all aggressive. It tends not to bite without considerable provocation.1

Maka ndị ọkachamara nsị

Aha sayensị: Vipera ammodytes
Otu: Viper na adder
Ezinụlọ: Viperidae2
Usoro: Squamata
Kọntinent dị iche iche: Yurop, Eshia
Ụmụ ọhụrụ: It gives birth to live young, with one to twenty born in late summer or autumn (August to October). The young are 14 to 24 cm long at birth.1
Otú ọ na-eme n'ọhịa: Strictly protected (Appendix II) under the Berne Convention1
Ihe ize ndụ nye mmadụ: 4 / 5: Ọ dị egwu nke ukwuu3

Ebe eziokwu ndị a si

Vipera ammodytes (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Vipera ammodytes (iNaturalist): aha na nhazi ọkwa.
Venom Wiki: ọkwa ihe ize ndụ, nha nkịtị na nchepụta ọsọ bụ nke anyị. Lee otú anyị si achọpụta ha: Otú anyị si atụ ihe ize ndụ.

Eziokwu ọ bụla dị na peeji a nwere nọmba na-egosi ebe o si. Ọ bụrụ na anyị mehiere ihe, ndo, anyị bụ ndị hụrụ anụmanụ n'anya, ọ bụghị akwụkwọ akụkọ sayensị. Gwa anyị na [email protected], anyị ga-edozi ya.

Akpị agụụ na-agụ! Venom Wiki bụ ọrụ otu onye: n'efu, na-enweghị mgbasa ozi na ndị na-esochi gị. Obere onyinye na-enyere aka idebe ya n'ịntanetị.Nye akpị nri