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Chithunzi chojambula cha Rinkhals
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Rinkhals

Hemachatus haemachatus
Ikufuna dokotalaSiipha kawirikawiri, koma kulumidwa kapena ululu m'maso zimafuna dokotala.
Ma cobra, mamba ndi krait Imapopera kapena kulavuliraImadya: Nyama
Ngozi kwa anthu: YoopsaKulumidwa kapena ululu m'maso zimafuna dokotala. Imfa ndi zosowa kwambiri.

The rinkhals is a venomous snake that lives in southern Africa. It is often called the ring-necked spitting cobra, but it is not a true cobra. It is known for spitting venom at threats rather than relying on its bite.1

Imakhala ku
Southern Africa: South Africa, Lesotho and Eswatini, with an isolated Zimbabwe population that may be extinct1
Africa
Kunyumba
It prefers grasslands, from the coast up to altitudes of 2,000 m. It is extremely common on the Highveld and in the grasslands of KwaZulu-Natal. Because it eats frogs and toads, it is often found near wetlands.1
Kutalika
90 cm mpaka 1,1 m (3 ft mpaka 3,6 ft)1
Liwiro lapamwamba
pafupifupi 6,9 km/h (4,3 mph)
Pamtunda, kuyerekeza chabe
Imadya chiyani?
It hunts during the daytime and will prey on any vertebrate small enough to eat. Toads are its most common food in the wild, but it also eats rodents and small lizards.1
Zoona!Chithunzi cha Rinkhals
Rinkhals. Chithunzi: ProfbergerLee R. Berger. CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Mmene ungaizindikirire

  • Its belly is dark, with one or two light-coloured crossbands on the throat.1
  • Its usual total length, including the tail, is 90 to 110 cm.1
  • Colour varies. Some individuals are mostly black, while others are striped.1
  • When distressed, it spreads its hood to show a striped neck.1
  • Its dorsal scales are keeled, which means they have a ridge down the middle.1

Nthawi zambiri imasokonezedwa ndi: It closely resembles true cobras, which belong to the genus Naja. Its keeled dorsal scales and the lack of solid teeth on the maxilla (upper jaw bone) set it apart, and these differences are why it is placed in its own genus, Hemachatus.1

Mphamvu ya ululu

Imapopera kapena kulavulira

Imapopera kapena kulavulira madzi olasa kwa omwe akuiukira.

Ululu wake umachita chiyani?

Its venom is neurotoxic, meaning it attacks the nerves, and partially cytotoxic, meaning it destroys body tissue. A bite causes great pain and can lead to necrosis (death of tissue). General symptoms include drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, violent abdominal pain, cramps and vertigo, and local swelling and bruising occur in about a quarter of cases.1

Ndi yoopsa bwanji kwa anthu?

Ngozi kwa anthu: YoopsaKulumidwa kapena ululu m'maso zimafuna dokotala. Imfa ndi zosowa kwambiri.

Bites are rare, because the snake relies on other defences first. Most bites happen when people try to handle it. No fatality from a rinkhals bite has been recorded in over 40 years.1

Nkhani yabwino: madokotala ali ndi mankhwala (antivenom) kapena chithandizo cha ichi.1

Imachita chiyani ikachita mantha?

When threatened, it spreads its hood, hisses and lunges while spitting venom accurately up to 3 m, usually aiming at the face and eyes. If other defences fail, it may bite, and it can also roll over with its mouth open and tongue out.1

Ikaluma kapena kulavulira

  • Polyvalent antivenom is effective for treating rinkhals envenomation. If venom gets into the eyes, it causes great pain and inflammation, and corneal damage can occur if left untreated. Timely first aid and eye-washing will usually lead to recovery after a few days.1
  • Munthuyo akhale chete ndi wodekha, chotsa mphete ndi zinthu zothina, ndipo mufikitse kuchipatala mwachangu: antivenom ndiye mankhwala ake.
  • Ngati ululu walavuliridwa m'maso, tsuka maso ndi madzi ambiri aukhondo nthawi yomweyo.

Nthawi zonse yamba wayimbira nambala yadzidzidzi (112, 000, 911). Awa ndi malangizo wamba a chithandizo choyamba, osati malangizo a dokotala. Zoyambira za chithandizo choyamba

Khala wotetezeka

  • Usakhudze, kugwira kapena kuseweretsa nyama yakuthengo, ngakhale yaing'ono, ndipo ngakhale ikuoneka ngati yagona kapena yafa.
  • Ipatse malo. Ukakumana nayo, khala chete, bwerera m'mbuyo pang'onopang'ono ndipo uilole ipite njira yake.
  • Ikakuluma kapena kukulavulira ululu m'maso: khala chete, usasunthe, imbira nambala yadzidzidzi (112, 000, 911) kapena pita kuchipatala mwachangu. Kumbukira m'mene inkaonekera, chithunzi chimathandiza.

Sikufuna kukuvulaza. Imagwiritsa ntchito ululu wake kugwira chakudya kapena kudziteteza, ndipo imakonda kwambiri kubisala. Zambiri za kukhala wotetezeka

Kuti padziko lapansi?

AfricaAsiaUlayaAmereka ya KumpotoAmereka ya KumweraAustralia ndi Oceania

Ndi yaikulu bwanji?

Ndi yaitali bwanji?

Rinkhals yaitali pafupifupi 1,1 m (3,6 ft)Galu pafupifupi 1 m (3,3 ft)Munthu wamkulu pafupifupi 1,7 m (5,6 ft)
yaitali ngati amphaka apakhomo 2 mphuno ndi mchira motsatizanayaitali ngati nthochi 6 zoyalidwa motsatizanaingathamange mamita 100 m'masekondi 52 (munthu wothamanga kwambiri amafunika 9.6)

Rinkhals ndi yaikulu bwanji poyerekeza ndi IWE?

Ndi masamu chabe mu msakatuli wako. Palibe chomwe chimasungidwa kapena kutumizidwa kwina.

Imathamanga bwanji?

zoyenera kudziwa

Mfundo

1

When threatened, it can play dead by rolling onto its back with its mouth open and tongue out. This behaviour, called thanatosis, is also seen in some other snakes.1

2

It can spit venom accurately at targets up to 3 m away and has good control over its venom glands.1

3

Unlike true cobras, which lay eggs, it gives birth to live young.1

4

It is not a true cobra. It belongs to its own genus, Hemachatus, which has only one species.1

Kuthetsa nthano zabodza

Nthano yabodza: The rinkhals is a true cobra.

Zoona: It bears a great resemblance to true cobras, but it belongs to the genus Hemachatus rather than Naja, so it is not a true cobra.1

Za akatswiri a ululu

Dzina la sayansi
Hemachatus haemachatus
Gulu
Ma cobra, mamba ndi krait
Banja
Elapidae2
Dongosolo
Squamata
Makontinenti
Africa
Ana akhanda
It gives birth to live young rather than laying eggs. A litter usually has around 20 to 30 young, though some females give birth to over 60, typically in late summer (December to March in the southern hemisphere).1
Ngozi kwa anthu
3 / 5: Yoopsa3

Kumene mfundo zimachokera

  1. Rinkhals (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Hemachatus haemachatus (iNaturalist): mayina ndi magulu a sayansi.
  3. Venom Wiki: mlingo wa ngozi, kukula wamba ndi kuyerekeza kwa liwiro ndi zathu. Ona mmene timazipezera: Mmene timayezera ngozi.

Mfundo iliyonse patsamba lino ili ndi nambala yosonyeza kochokera. Ngati talakwitsa, pepani, ndife okonda nyama, osati magazini a sayansi. Tiuze pa [email protected] ndipo tikonza.

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