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Igishushanyo cya Black-necked spitting cobra
No. 0024 kuri 1 402

Black-necked spitting cobra

Naja nigricollis
Ibyerekeye izina: The scientific name comes from Latin: 'niger' means black and 'collis' means neck. The genus name Naja comes from the Sanskrit word for cobra.1
Ishobora kwicaIshobora kukwica niba utavuwe. Niba ikurumye cyangwa ikagucira ubumara mu maso, shaka ubufasha vuba.
Cobra, mamba na krait Itera cyangwa iciraIrya: Inyama
Akaga ku bantu: Iteje akaga cyaneIshobora kwica umuntu utavuwe.

The black-necked spitting cobra is a venomous snake found mostly in sub-Saharan Africa. It can squirt venom from its fangs at a threat, and that venom can cause permanent blindness if it gets into the eyes. Its colours vary a lot from place to place.1

Iba muri
Mostly sub-Saharan Africa, in western, eastern, central and parts of southern Africa. Absent from the Congo Basin rainforests.1
Afurika
Ahabanza
It usually lives in savanna and semi-desert, up to 1,800 metres, and also in moist savanna and cleared former forest, especially near rivers and streams. It is often met in villages and small towns, where it may come into direct contact with people. It hides in tree trunks, termite mounds and rodent holes.1
Uburebure
1,2 m kugeza kuri 2,2 m (3,9 ft kugeza kuri 7,2 ft)1
Umuvuduko wo hejuru
hafi 7,8 km/h (4,8 mph)
Ku butaka, ikigereranyo cy'ugereranyije
Irya iki?
It feeds mainly on small rodents such as small rats and mice. It also eats birds, fishes, lizards, eggs and other snakes.1
Koko!Ifoto ya Black-necked spitting cobra
Black-necked spitting cobra. Ifoto: Nigel Voaden. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Uko wayimenya

  • Moderately sized, with a moderately distinct head, and grows to 1.2 to 2.2 metres.1
  • Many specimens have a broad black neck band, often with an orange or pinkish bar on the neck.1
  • Colours vary by region: black or pale grey, yellowish-brown, deep reddish-brown, olive brown, striped black and white, or totally white with dark eyes.1
  • Some have a yellow or reddish belly, while others lack the neck bands and belly colour.1

Imbaraga z'ubumara

Itera cyangwa icira

Itera cyangwa icira abayitera amazi aryana.

Ubumara bwayo bukora iki?

Its venom is mostly cytotoxic, meaning it destroys cells, and it also has typical elapid neurotoxic (nerve-attacking) effects and cardiotoxic (heart-damaging) components. A bite causes severe bleeding from the wound, tissue death around the bite, and difficulty breathing. Venom in the eyes causes extreme burning pain, loss of coordination, partial loss of vision, and permanent blindness.1

Iteje akaga kangana iki ku bantu?

Akaga ku bantu: Iteje akaga cyaneIshobora kwica umuntu utavuwe.

Its venom is medically significant. The death rate for untreated bites is about 5 to 10%, and under 1% in areas where it is common. When death occurs, it is usually from paralysis of the diaphragm, the muscle used for breathing.1

Ikora iki iyo ifite ubwoba?

It spits venom from its fangs at a threat, reaching up to 7 metres with good accuracy. It also bites readily, even with only slight provocation.1

Niba iruma cyangwa icira ubumara

  • If venom gets into the eyes, it should be washed off, because permanent blindness can follow if it is not. Anyone bitten should get medical treatment, as untreated bites carry a much higher risk of death.1
  • Umuntu agume atanyeganyega kandi atuje, mukuremo impeta n'ibindi bintu bifashe cyane, kandi mujye ku bitaro vuba: umuti urwanya ubumara (antivenom) ni wo muti.
  • Niba ubumara bwaciriwe mu maso, yoze ako kanya ukoresheje amazi menshi meza.

Buri gihe banza uhamagare nimero y'ubutabazi (112, 000, 911). Izi ni inama rusange z'ubutabazi bw'ibanze, si inama za muganga. Ibanze by'ubutabazi bw'ibanze

Irinde akaga

  • Ntuzigere ukora, ufata cyangwa ushotora inyamaswa yo mu gasozi, nubwo yaba ntoya, kandi nubwo yasa n'isinziriye cyangwa yapfuye.
  • Yihe umwanya. Niba uhuye n'imwe, tuza, usubire inyuma buhoro buhoro kandi uyireke yigendere.
  • Niba imwe ikurumye cyangwa ikagucira ubumara mu maso: tuza, ntunyeganyege, hamagara nimero y'ubutabazi (112, 000, 911) cyangwa ujye ku bitaro vuba. Ibuka uko yasaga, ifoto irafasha.

Ntigushakisha ngo ikugirire nabi. Ikoresha ubumara bwayo kugira ngo ifate ibyo kurya cyangwa yirinde, kandi ikunda cyane kwihisha. Ibindi ku kwirinda

Ni hehe ku isi?

AfurikaAziyaUburayiAmerika y'AmajyaruguruAmerika y'AmajyepfoOsitaraliya na Oseyaniya

Ingana gute?

Ireshya ite?

Black-necked spitting cobra ireshya hafi 2,2 m (7,2 ft)Igare ry'umuntu mukuru hafi 1,8 m (5,9 ft)Imodoka hafi 4,5 m (15 ft)
ireshya n'injangwe zo mu rugo 4 zikurikiranye kuva ku zuru kugeza ku murizoireshya n'imineke 12 ikurikiranyeyakwiruka metero 100 mu masegonda 46 (umuntu wihuta kurusha abandi akenera 9,6)

Black-necked spitting cobra ingana ite ugereranyije NAWE?

Ni imibare gusa ikorerwa muri mudasobwa yawe. Nta kintu kibikwa cyangwa cyoherezwa ahandi.

Yihuta gute?

bikwiye kumenywa

Ibintu by'ukuri

1

It can spit venom accurately more than 7 metres away.1

2

In 1944, a British eye surgeon, Major Harold Ridley, described eye damage from a spit from this cobra in Ghana. He treated the man and followed his case until the eye fully recovered.1

3

A single bite can deliver 200 to 350 mg of venom (dry weight), according to a 1974 study by Minton.1

4

It is an excellent tree climber and can live in trees at times.1

5

Wild-caught individuals tend to be nervous and spit readily, while captive-bred animals are much calmer.1

6

It can be active at night or during the day, depending on the season, location and temperature.1

Usenya ibinyoma

Ikinyoma: Spitting cobras only spit venom and do not bite.

Ukuri: The black-necked spitting cobra also bites, and it will do so with only slight provocation.1

Ku bahanga mu by'ubumara

Izina rya siyansi
Naja nigricollis
Itsinda
Cobra, mamba na krait
Umuryango
Elapidae2
Itsinda rinini (order)
Squamata
Imigabane
Afurika
Abana bato
Females usually lay 10 to 15 eggs, though they can lay between 8 and 22. The young are about 20 to 25 cm long at birth and are fully independent.1
Akaga ku bantu
4 / 5: Iteje akaga cyane3

Aho ibintu bivugwa bituruka

  1. Black-necked spitting cobra (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Naja nigricollis (iNaturalist): amazina n'ibyiciro.
  3. Venom Wiki: urwego rw'akaga, ingano isanzwe n'ikigereranyo cy'umuvuduko ni ibyacu bwite. Reba uko tubibara: Uko tugena akaga.

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