Venom Wiki / Inyamaswa zose / Vipera na adder

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Nose-horned viper

Vipera ammodytes

Ibyerekeye izina: The scientific name ammodytes comes from Greek words meaning 'sand' and 'burrower' or 'diver', even though it prefers rocky places rather than sand.1

Ishobora kwicaIshobora kukwica niba utavuwe. Niba ikurumye, shaka ubufasha vuba.

Vipera na adder

IrarumaIrya: Inyama

Akaga ku bantu: Iteje akaga cyaneIshobora kwica umuntu utavuwe.

The nose-horned viper is a venomous snake with a small, soft horn on the tip of its snout. It lives on dry, rocky hillsides in northern Italy, the Balkans and parts of Asia Minor. It is often described as the most dangerous snake in Europe, so it is worth knowing what it looks like.1

Iba muri

Northern Italy, the Balkans, Greece, Turkey, Georgia and Syria, with records in southern Austria, Romania and Bulgaria.1

Uburayi, Aziya

Ahabanza

It mainly lives on dry, rocky hillsides with sparse plants. It is sometimes found in woodland edges and clearings, and near people on railway embankments, farmland and vineyards where rubble piles and stone walls are present. At lower latitudes it may be found above 2000 m.1

Uburebure

14 cm kugeza kuri 85 cm (5,5 in kugeza kuri 2,8 ft)1

Umuvuduko wo hejuru

hafi 3,5 km/h (2,2 mph)

Ku butaka, ikigereranyo cy'ugereranyije

Irya iki?

Adults mainly eat small mammals and birds, and juveniles mostly eat lizards. Larger prey is struck, released, tracked and then swallowed, while smaller prey is swallowed without using the venom.1

Ifoto ya Nose-horned viper — Nose-horned viper. Ifoto: Holger Krisp. CC BY 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Uko wayimenya

A single small, soft and flexible horn on the snout, about 5 mm long.1
Males have a dark blotch or V-shaped marking on the back of the head and a thick black stripe running from behind the eye to the jaw.1
Males usually have a black tongue and a golden or coppery iris.1
Females are browner, with a less contrasting pattern and no dark blotch on the head.1
Both sexes have a dark zigzag stripe along the back, and the tail tip may be yellow, orange, red or green.1

Imbaraga z'ubumara

Iraruma

Ubumara busohokera mu menyo yayo y'ubumara cyangwa mu yandi menyo iyo iriye.

Ubumara bwayo bukora iki?

The venom has both proteolytic (breaks down tissue) and neurotoxic (attacks the nerves) parts, and it contains blood-clotting agents. Bites cause pain, swelling and discolouration, which may start straight away, and there are also reports of dizziness and tingling. Humans respond rapidly to this venom.1

Iteje akaga kangana iki ku bantu?

Akaga ku bantu: Iteje akaga cyaneIshobora kwica umuntu utavuwe.

It is likely the most dangerous snake found in Europe, and in some areas it is a significant medical risk. The venom is rarely deadly when hospital care is available. It is generally lethargic and not aggressive, and it tends not to bite without considerable provocation.1

Inkuru nziza: abaganga bafite umuti (umuti urwanya ubumara, antivenom) cyangwa uburyo bwo kuvura ibi.1

Ikora iki iyo ifite ubwoba?

When surprised, some individuals stay still and hiss loudly, some hiss and then flee, and others try to bite immediately.1

Niba iruma

Get to a hospital: the venom is rarely deadly when hospital care is available.1
Umuntu agume atanyeganyega kandi atuje, urugingo rwarumwe rugume ku rwego rumwe n'umutima, mukuremo impeta n'ibindi bintu bifashe cyane, kandi mujye ku bitaro vuba.

Buri gihe banza uhamagare nimero y'ubutabazi (112, 000, 911). Izi ni inama rusange z'ubutabazi bw'ibanze, si inama za muganga. Ibanze by'ubutabazi bw'ibanze

Irinde akaga

Ntuzigere ukora, ufata cyangwa ushotora inyamaswa yo mu gasozi, nubwo yaba ntoya, kandi nubwo yasa n'isinziriye cyangwa yapfuye.
Yihe umwanya. Niba uhuye n'imwe, tuza, usubire inyuma buhoro buhoro kandi uyireke yigendere.
Niba imwe ikurumye: tuza, ntunyeganyege, hamagara nimero y'ubutabazi (112, 000, 911) cyangwa ujye ku bitaro vuba. Ibuka uko yasaga, ifoto irafasha.

Ntigushakisha ngo ikugirire nabi. Ikoresha ubumara bwayo kugira ngo ifate ibyo kurya cyangwa yirinde, kandi ikunda cyane kwihisha. Ibindi ku kwirinda

Ni hehe ku isi?

Afurika Aziya Uburayi Amerika y'Amajyaruguru Amerika y'Amajyepfo Ositaraliya na Oseyaniya

Ingana gute?

Ireshya ite?

ireshya n'injangwe zo mu rugo 1,5 zikurikiranye kuva ku zuru kugeza ku murizoireshya n'imineke 5 ikurikiranyeyakwiruka metero 100 mu masegonda 100 (umuntu wihuta kurusha abandi akenera 9,6)

Nose-horned viper ingana ite ugereranyije NAWE?

Ni imibare gusa ikorerwa muri mudasobwa yawe. Nta kintu kibikwa cyangwa cyoherezwa ahandi.

Yihuta gute?

Akanyamasyo hafi 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Nose-horned viper hafi 3,5 km/h (2,2 mph)

Umuntu ugenda n'amaguru hafi 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

bikwiye kumenywa

Ibintu by'ukuri

Its venom is used to make antivenin for the bites of other European vipers, and the snake is farmed for this purpose.1

Its horn is soft and flexible, not hard like a true horn.1

Before mating, males perform a combat dance, similar to that of adders.1

On one island, snakes were smaller than elsewhere, which suggests regional or island dwarfism.1

It hibernates for two to six months each year, depending on conditions.1

It is ovoviviparous, meaning the eggs hatch inside the mother, so the young are born alive.1

Usenya ibinyoma

Ikinyoma: Because of its reputation, it is an aggressive snake that bites readily.

Ukuri: It is generally lethargic and not at all aggressive. It tends not to bite without considerable provocation.1

Ku bahanga mu by'ubumara

Izina rya siyansi: Vipera ammodytes
Itsinda: Vipera na adder
Umuryango: Viperidae2
Itsinda rinini (order): Squamata
Imigabane: Uburayi, Aziya
Abana bato: It gives birth to live young, with one to twenty born in late summer or autumn (August to October). The young are 14 to 24 cm long at birth.1
Uko imeze mu gasozi: Strictly protected (Appendix II) under the Berne Convention1
Akaga ku bantu: 4 / 5: Iteje akaga cyane3

Aho ibintu bivugwa bituruka

Vipera ammodytes (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Vipera ammodytes (iNaturalist): amazina n'ibyiciro.
Venom Wiki: urwego rw'akaga, ingano isanzwe n'ikigereranyo cy'umuvuduko ni ibyacu bwite. Reba uko tubibara: Uko tugena akaga.

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