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Katuni yaSouth American rattlesnake
Nhamba 0524 pa1 402

South American rattlesnake

Crotalus durissus
Inogona kuurayaInogona kukuuraya kana usina kurapwa. Kana ikakuruma, wana rubatsiro nokukurumidza.
Marattlesnake InorumaInodya: Nyama
Ngozi kuvanhu: Ine ngozi zvikuruInogona kuuraya munhu asina kurapwa.

The South American rattlesnake is a large, highly venomous pit viper. It lives across much of South America, except the Andes Mountains, and also on some Caribbean islands. It is the most widely spread member of its genus, which is why it matters to people in so many places.1

Inogara mu
South America except the Andes, including Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay; also some Caribbean islands, including Aruba1
Amerika yeKumaodzanyemba
Kumba
It prefers savanna and semi-arid areas, and is found in several types of scrub and seasonal forest. In the Chaco region of Paraguay, it lives in the drier, sandier areas.1
Kureba
1,9 m (6,2 ft)1
Kumhanya kukuru
kunenge 4 km/h (2,5 mph)
Pasi pevhu, kufungidzira
Inodya chii?
It eats mainly rodents, which are abundant and available all year in most of its range. In some regions it also eats lizards of the Teiidae family.1
Chaizvo!Mufananidzo waSouth American rattlesnake
South American rattlesnake. Mufananidzo: Leandro Avelar. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Maziviro ayo

  • Two distinct stripes start at the base of the head, and the colour between the lines is lighter than the stripes.1
  • Body colour and pattern vary, but most have 18 to 32 dark diamond or rhombic spots along the back.1
  • The head has a dark brown bar at the top and a dark band behind the eye.1
  • The tail is usually grey, with dark, faint crossed bands.1
  • The belly is white or yellowish with light grey spots, getting darker towards the tail.1

Simba reuturu

Inoruma

Uturu hunobuda nemeno ayo painoruma.

Uturu hwayo hunoitei?

Its venom contains neurotoxins, which attack the nerves, and myotoxins, which damage muscle. These cause progressive paralysis, including impaired or lost vision, hearing problems, drooping eyelids and weakness in the neck muscles, which can become so limp that the head appears broken. Breathing can eventually be stopped by paralysis, and the muscle damage can cause dark urine.1

Ine ngozi yakadii kuvanhu?

Ngozi kuvanhu: Ine ngozi zvikuruInogona kuuraya munhu asina kurapwa.

It is a highly venomous snake. The mortality rate is 72% for bite cases without specific serum treatment, and 11% for cases with it. Acute kidney failure is considered the main cause of death.1

Mashoko akanaka: vanachiremba vane mushonga (antivenom) kana kurapwa kwechinhu ichi.1

Inoitei kana yatya?

It is highly alert and gives little warning before it strikes, but it is seldom aggressive towards people.1

Kana ikaruma

  • Specific serum treatment (antivenom) greatly lowers the death rate, so a bite needs urgent hospital care to give it.1
  • Chengeta munhu asingafambe uye akadzikama, chengeta nhengo yakarumwa yakaenzana nemwoyo, bvisa mhete nezvinhu zvakasunga, uende kuchipatara nokukurumidza.

Gara uchitanga wafonera nhamba yechimbichimbi (112, 000, 911). Iri izano rakajairika rerubatsiro rwekutanga, kwete zano rechiremba. Zvakakosha zverubatsiro rwekutanga

Gara wakachengeteka

  • Usambobata mhuka yesango, kuedza kuitora kana kuinetsa, kunyange iri diki, uye kunyange ichiita seyakarara kana yakafa.
  • Ipa nzvimbo. Kana ukasangana nayo, dzikama, dzokera shure zvishoma nezvishoma uirege iende nenzira yayo.
  • Kana imwe ikakuruma: dzikama, gara wakanyarara, fonera nhamba yechimbichimbi (112, 000, 911) kana kuti enda kuchipatara nokukurumidza. Rangarira kuti yaitaridzika sei, mufananidzo unobatsira.

Haisi kukutsvaga. Inoshandisa uturu hwayo kubata chikafu kana kuzvidzivirira, uye inotonyanya kuda kuhwanda. Zvimwe pamusoro pekugara wakachengeteka

Kupi pasi rose?

AfrikaAsiaYuropuAmerika yeKuchamhembeAmerika yeKumaodzanyembaAustralia neOceania

Yakakura sei?

Yakareba zvakadii?

South American rattlesnake kunenge 1,9 m kureba (6,2 ft)Bhasikoro remunhu mukuru kunenge 1,8 m (5,9 ft)Motokari kunenge 4,5 m (15 ft)
yakareba sekatsi dzepamba 4 kubva pamhuno kusvika kumusweyakareba semabhanana 11 akateedzanainogona kumhanya mamita 100 mumasekondi 90 (munhu anomhanyisa kupfuura vose anoda 9.6)

South American rattlesnake yakakura sei kana yaenzaniswa NEWE?

Masvomhu chete mubrowser yako. Hapana chinochengetwa kana kutumirwa kupi zvako.

Inomhanya zvakadii?

zvakanaka kuziva

Chokwadi

1

The lethal dose for a 60 kg human is possibly 18 mg, while a snake's venom yield is 20 to 100 mg.1

2

Crotoxin, a neurotoxin, makes up about 48.5% to 89.4% of the venom proteins in one subspecies, though it is typically 60% to 70%.1

3

It is the most widely distributed member of its genus, and seven subspecies are currently recognised.1

4

It is more active at dusk and in the early hours of the morning.1

5

Males compete for access to females from the end of summer, with mating in autumn and the young born the following spring or summer.1

Kuputsa ngano

Ngano: Yellow venom means the bite damages blood and tissue, and white venom means it attacks the nerves.

Chokwadi: Venom colour does not determine the type. Colour depends on pigments in the venom, not on whether it is haemorrhagic or neurotoxic.1

Kune nyanzvi dzeuturu

Zita resainzi
Crotalus durissus
Boka
Marattlesnake
Mhuri
Viperidae2
Odha
Squamata
Makondinendi
Amerika yeKumaodzanyemba
Vacheche
It gives birth to live young (ovoviviparous), usually four to eight at a time. In Roraima, Brazil, gestation has been reported to last five months, with up to 14 young.1
Ngozi kuvanhu
4 / 5: Ine ngozi zvikuru3

Kwakabva chokwadi

  1. Crotalus durissus (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Crotalus durissus (iNaturalist): mazita nekurongwa kwemhuka.
  3. Venom Wiki: danho rengozi, saizi yakajairika nekufungidzira kwekumhanya ndezvedu. Ona kuti tinozviwana sei: Matinoyera ngozi.

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