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Setshwantsho sa khathune sa Gwardar
No. 0157 ho 1 402

Gwardar

Pseudonaja mengdeni
Ka lebitso: The scientific name Pseudonaja mengdeni honours Mengden, the person the species is named after; the name gwardar is one of its common names.1
E ka bolayaE ka o bolaya ntle le kalafo. Ha e ka o loma, fumana thuso kapele.
Dinoha tsa Australia Ho lomaE ja: Nama
Kotsi ho batho: E kotsi haholoE ka bolaya motho ya sa fumaneng kalafo.

The gwardar, also called Mengden's brown snake or the western brown snake, is a venomous snake found in dry parts of Australia. It is considered dangerously venomous, and its bite can cause severe symptoms that may lead to death.1

E phela
Endemic to Australia: from the coast of Western Australia through central Australia to north-west New South Wales and western Queensland1
Australia le Oceania
Lapeng
It lives in dry to arid areas, including woodlands, spinifex deserts, sandplains, stony plains, croplands and grasslands. It is often found within fallen timber, dead trees, shrubs, native grasses and ground cavities.1
Bolelele
2 m (6,6 ft)1
Lebelo le phahameng
e ka bang 7,5 km/h (4,7 mph)
Naheng, kakanyo feela
E ja eng?
It preys on small reptiles, mammals, other snakes, ground-nesting birds and bird eggs.1
Ka nnete!Foto ya Gwardar
Gwardar. Foto: Carl-st205. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Ho e tseba jwang

  • Highly variable in colour, from light brown to almost black1
  • Two distinct forms: 'orange with black head' and 'pale head, grey nape'1
  • Scales on the head often form a black V or W pattern1
  • Cream, yellow, orange or grey belly, often with dark orange or grey blotches1
  • Slender body and narrow head, with a large strap-like scale around the front of the snout1

Hangata e ferekanngwa le: It is often confused with the eastern brown snake, which has a pink mouth lining, and the northern brown snake, which has a purplish or blue-black mouth lining. It is also confused with other brown snakes and the black-headed python. Telling species apart reliably requires scale counts, which should only be done by an experienced herpetologist.1

Matla a chefo

Ho loma

Chefo e tswa ka meno a yona a chefo (fangs) kapa ka meno a mang ha e loma.

Chefo ya yona (eo e e kenyang ka ho loma kapa ho hlaba) e etsang?

Its venom is neurotoxic, which attacks the nerves, and haemotoxic, which affects the blood. Its symptoms are severe and potentially fatal.1

E kotsi hakae ho batho?

Kotsi ho batho: E kotsi haholoE ka bolaya motho ya sa fumaneng kalafo.

It is considered dangerously venomous. Its bite can cause severe symptoms resulting in death. A scratch from its fangs can still be fatal.1

Ditaba tse monate: dingaka di na le moriana (antivenom) kapa kalafo bakeng sa sena.1

E etsang ha e tshohile?

When threatened, it raises the front part of its body into an S-shape, lifts its head off the ground and opens its mouth.1

Haeba e loma

  • First aid must be applied and medical attention sought straight away. Brown snake antivenom is the treatment used in case of envenoming.1
  • Pressure immobilisation: phuthela bandeje e tiileng e huduhang (elastiki) hodima moo e lomileng teng ebe o nyolla setho sohle, o se tlame ka splint (lepolanka la ho se tshehetsa), mme o boloke motho a sa sisinyehe ho hang ho fihlela thuso e fihla.
  • O se ke wa hlatswa moo e lomileng teng: dipetlele di ka hlahloba chefo e setseng letlalong ho kgetha antivenom e nepahetseng.

Kamehla letsetsa nomoro ya tshohanyetso pele (112, 000, 911). Ena ke tataiso e akaretsang ya thuso ya pele, hase keletso ya bongaka. Metheo ya thuso ya pele

Dula o bolokehile

  • O se ke wa ama, wa tshwara kapa wa tena phoofolo ya naheng, leha e le e nyenyane, le leha e shebahala e robetse kapa e shwele.
  • E fe sebaka. Ha o kopana le yona, dula o kgutsitse, kgutlela morao butle mme o e tlohele e tsamaye ka tsela ya yona.
  • Haeba e nngwe e o loma: dula o kgutsitse, o se ke wa sisinyeha, letsetsa nomoro ya tshohanyetso (112, 000, 911) kapa o ye sepetlele kapele. Hopola hore e ne e shebahala jwang, foto e a thusa.

Ha e o batle. E sebedisa chefo ya yona ho tshwara dijo kapa ho itshireletsa, mme e kgetha ho ipata. Ho eketsehileng ka ho dula o bolokehile

Hokae lefatsheng?

AfrikaAsiaYuropaAmerika LeboyaAmerika BorwaAustralia le Oceania

E kgolo hakae?

E telele hakae?

Gwardar bolelele ba e ka bang 2 m (6,6 ft)Baesekele ya motho e moholo e ka bang 1,8 m (5,9 ft)Koloi e ka bang 4,5 m (15 ft)
e telele jwaloka dikatse tsa lapeng tse 4 ho tloha nkong ho isa mohatlenge telele jwaloka dibanana tse 11 tse latellanange ka matha metara e 100 ka metsotswana e 48 (motho ya potlakang ka ho fetisisa o hloka 9,6)

Gwardar e kgolo hakae ha e bapiswa le WENA?

Ke dipalo feela ka hara sebatli sa hao. Ha ho letho le bolokwang kapa le romelwang kae kapa kae.

E potlaka hakae?

ho molemo ho tseba

Dintlha

1

It is mainly active during the day, though it can be active on warm nights.1

2

Hybridisation between Pseudonaja species makes identifying them difficult.1

Bakeng sa ditsebi tsa chefo

Lebitso la saense
Pseudonaja mengdeni
Sehlopha
Dinoha tsa Australia
Lelapa
Elapidae2
Tatelano
Squamata
Dikontinente
Australia le Oceania
Masea
It is oviparous, meaning it lays eggs, with up to more than 12 eggs per clutge.1
Kotsi ho batho
4 / 5: E kotsi haholo3

Moo dintlha di tswang teng

  1. Pseudonaja mengdeni (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Pseudonaja mengdeni (iNaturalist): mabitso le tlhophiso.
  3. Venom Wiki: boemo ba kotsi, boholo bo tlwaelehileng le kakanyo ya lebelo ke tsa rona. Bona kamoo re di balang ka teng: Kamoo re lekanyang kotsi ka teng.

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Fepa phephengnkgo ya ditjhelete tsa teboho, e e boloka e le mahala