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Venom Wiki / Dibopiwa tsotlhe / Dijelifishi le dibopiwa tsa lewatle tse di tlhabang
Setshwantsho sa khathune sa Christmas tree hydroid
Nom. 1129 ya 1 402

Christmas tree hydroid

Pennaria disticha
E utlwisa botlhoko felaE a utlwisa botlhoko, mme ga e kitla e go gobatsa thata.
Dijelifishi le dibopiwa tsa lewatle tse di tlhabang Go tlhabaE ja: Nama
Kotsi go batho: E botlhokoE ka utlwisa botlhoko tota, mme go seoka thata gore e nne masisi.

The Christmas tree hydroid is a small, branching sea creature that grows in colonies on rocks and hard surfaces in shallow water. It is found in warm seas around the world, and it is common in the Mediterranean Sea. Scientists have used it to study how animals catch their prey.1

E tshela kwa
Warm waters worldwide; probably began in the western Atlantic Ocean, and is common in the Mediterranean Sea1
Lewatle la Atlantic, Lewatle la Pacific, Lewatle la India, Lewatle la Caribbean, Lewatle la Mediterranean, Gulf ya Mexico, Lewatle la Timor le la Arafura, Kou ya Bengal, Gulf ya California
Gae
It grows in shallow water, attached to hard surfaces such as rocks and man-made structures, in places with some water movement. On reefs it is usually found in less-exposed spots and in crevices. It has also spread on ropes and other structures placed in the sea.1
Boleele
30 cm (1 ft)1
Lebelo le le kwa godimo
e ka nna 0,01 km/h (0,01 mph)
Go thuma, kakanyo fela
E ja eng?
The polyps spread their tentacles to catch small zooplankton that drift past. Stinging cells on the tentacles immobilise the prey, then the crown bends over and the prey is killed and pushed into the mouth.1
Ka nnete!Setshwantsho sa Christmas tree hydroid
Christmas tree hydroid. Setshwantsho: Stephen Thorpe. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Tsela ya go e lemoga

  • Colonies have many branching stems, up to 30 cm high, arranged in a tree-like shape1
  • The stalks are dark brown or blackish, but are often coated with algae and diatoms, giving them a muddy look1
  • The tiny whitish polyps are tinged with red1
  • Each polyp has many slender tentacles at its base and up to twelve tentacles with knobbed tips around its mouth1

Maatla a botlhole

Go tlhaba

Botlhole bo tswa ka lemao le le tlhabang.

Botlhole jo e bo tsenyang bo dira eng?

Contact with a rope on which this hydroid was growing caused an acute, painful skin inflammation (dermatitis) in several people. Contact with the stinging cells on its tentacles is the cause.1

E kotsi go le kae go batho?

Kotsi go batho: E botlhokoE ka utlwisa botlhoko tota, mme go seoka thata gore e nne masisi.

Several people who touched a rope covered in this hydroid got an acute, painful dermatitis. No deaths are known.1

Fa e tlhaba

  • Tswa mo metsing mme o tlose mesela (tentacles) epe fela e e setseng (ka ditlelafo kgotsa ka lesela).
  • Ya dijelifishi tsa lebokoso tsa tropiki: tshela asene mo mafelong a a tlhabilweng bonnye metsotswana e le 30, bitsa thuso mme o ipaakanyetse go dira CPR. Ya dibluebottle le tse dingwe tse dintsi: tlhatswa ka metsi a lewatle, morago ka metsi a a mogote go fokotsa botlhoko.

Ka gale leletsa nomoro ya gago ya tshoganyetso pele (112, 000, 911). Se ke kaelo e e akaretsang ya thuso ya ntlha, ga se kgakololo ya bongaka. Motheo wa thuso ya ntlha

Nna o babalesegile

  • O se ka wa ama, wa tshwara kgotsa wa tshwenya phologolo ya naga, le fa e le e nnye, le fa e lebega e robetse kgotsa e sule.
  • E fe sebaka. Fa o kopana le yone, ritibala, boela morago ka bonya mme o e tlogele e tsamaye ka tsela ya yone.
  • Fa e nngwe e go tlhaba: ritibala, o se ka wa tshikinyega, leletsa nomoro ya gago ya tshoganyetso (112, 000, 911) kgotsa o ye bookelong ka bonako. Gopola gore e ne e lebega jang, setshwantsho se a thusa.

Ga e go batle. E dirisa botlhole jwa yone go tshwara dijo kgotsa go itshireletsa, mme e rata go iphitlha go feta. Go le gontsi ka go nna o babalesegile

Kae mo lefatsheng?

AforikaAsiaYuropaAmerika BokoneAmerika BorwaAustralia le OceaniaLewatle la PacificLewatle la AtlanticLewatle la IndiaLewatle la MediterraneanLewatle la CaribbeanGulf ya MexicoLewatle la Timor le la ArafuraKou ya BengalGulf ya California

E kgolo go le kae?

E telele go le kae?

Christmas tree hydroid e ka nna 30 cm ka boleele (1 ft)Panana e ka nna 18 cm (7,1 in)Katse ya ntlo e ka nna 50 cm (1,6 ft)
boleele jo bo lekanang le diboloko tsa go aga tsa ditshamekisi di le 9 mo molengbonya go feta kgopa ya tshingwana

Christmas tree hydroid e kgolo go le kae fa e bapisiwa le WENA?

Ke dipalo fela mo sefetleng sa gago (browser). Ga go sepe se se bolokwang kgotsa se se romelwang gope.

E bonako go le kae?

go botlhokwa go itse

Dintlha

1

It has spread around the world largely through people's maritime activities, by attaching to ships and structures.1

2

It has been used in research into how animals capture their prey.1

3

Colonies grow by budding, which forms new feeding polyps.1

4

Its free-swimming larvae drift with the plankton before settling on a hard surface.1

Ya baitseanape ba botlhole

Leina la saense
Pennaria disticha
Setlhopha
Dijelifishi le dibopiwa tsa lewatle tse di tlhabang
Lelapa
Pennariidae2
Lekoko
Anthoathecata
Dikontinente
Lewatle la Atlantic, Lewatle la Pacific, Lewatle la India, Lewatle la Caribbean, Lewatle la Mediterranean, Gulf ya Mexico, Lewatle la Timor le la Arafura, Kou ya Bengal, Gulf ya California, Mawatle
Masea
Females release up to six eggs. Each embryo develops within a day or so into a free-swimming larva called a planula, which later settles on a hard surface to start a new colony.1
Kotsi go batho
2 / 5: E botlhoko3

Kwa dintlha di tswang teng

  1. Pennaria disticha (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Pennaria disticha (iNaturalist): maina le thulaganyo ya mefuta.
  3. Venom Wiki: seelo sa kotsi, bogolo jo bo tlwaelegileng le kakanyo ya lebelo ke tsa rona. Bona kafa re di balang ka teng: Kafa re lekanyang kotsi ka teng.

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Tse dingwe tsa setlhopha se se tshwanang: Dijelifishi le dibopiwa tsa lewatle tse di tlhabang

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E tshela gape kwa: Lewatle la Atlantic

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Fepa phephengnkgwana ya dimpho, e e dira mahala