Venom Wiki / Dibopiwa tsotlhe / Ditlhapi tse di tsenyang botlhole

Nom. 1174 ya 1 402

Reef stonefish

Synanceia verrucosa

Ka ga leina: The scientific name verrucosa means "covered with verrucas or warts", which refers to the warty growths all over its body.1

E ka bolayaO se ka wa amaE ka go bolaya fa o sa alafiwe. Fa mitlwa ya yone e go tlhaba, batla thuso ka bonako.

Ditlhapi tse di tsenyang botlhole

Mitlwa ya botlholeE ja: Nama

Kotsi go batho: E kotsi thataE ka bolaya motho yo o sa alafiweng.

The reef stonefish is a fish that hides on coral reefs and looks like a rock or piece of coral. It is the most venomous fish in the world, and its venom can kill people. It lives in shallow warm seas across the Red Sea, the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific.1

E tshela kwa

Red Sea, coastal East Africa, Indian Ocean and western Pacific to French Polynesia, southern Japan and Taiwan. Also found in the far eastern Mediterranean.1

Lewatle la Pacific, Lewatle la India, Lewatle le Lehibidu, Lewatle la Andaman, Lewatle la China Borwa, Lewatle la Philippines, Lewatle la Coral, Lewatle la Arabia le Gulf ya Peresia, Lewatle la Timor le la Arafura, Kou ya Bengal

Gae

It lives in shallow tropical waters, in coral reefs. It settles on and around rocks and plants, or rests on the seabed. Its spines have been known to pierce boot soles.1

Boleele

40 cm (1,3 ft)1

Lebelo le le kwa godimo

e ka nna 2 km/h (1,2 mph)

Go thuma, kakanyo fela

E ja eng?

It eats mostly small fish, shrimp and other crustaceans. It sits motionless on the reef floor and waits for prey to swim past, then engulfs it at great speed. Some have struck prey in 0.015 seconds.1

Setshwantsho sa Reef stonefish — Reef stonefish. Setshwantsho: Ewout Knoester. CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

Tsela ya go e lemoga

Usually brown or grey, sometimes with patches of yellow, orange or red.1
Rough, tough skin covered in warts, with no scales.1
Wide, flattened head with small eyes that point upwards.1
Back fin with 12 to 14 spines, all of equal length.1
Its colour and skin texture help it blend in among rocks and corals.1

Maatla a botlhole

Mitlwa ya botlhole

Mitlwa e e bogale e rwala botlhole. Go e gata kgotsa go e tshwara go a utlwisa botlhoko.

Botlhole jo e bo tsenyang bo dira eng?

Its venom is a mixture of proteins. Effects include severe pain, shock, paralysis and tissue death. A large dose can be fatal, and the fatal protein in this species is verrucotoxin. Stonefish venom can be fatal at a dose of only 18 mg, which six of its thirteen spines can release.1

E kotsi go le kae go batho?

Kotsi go batho: E kotsi thataE ka bolaya motho yo o sa alafiweng.

It is the most venomous fish in the world and its venom can kill humans. A large dose can be fatal, and young children, the elderly and people with weakened immune systems are at greatest risk.1

Dikgang tse di molemo: dingaka di na le molemo (antivenom) kgotsa kalafi ya se.1

E dira eng fa e tshogile?

It relies on camouflage to stay hidden and, when necessary, on its back spines, each with venom sacs at its base.1

Fa mitlwa ya yone e go tlhaba

Immerse the affected limb in hot water, which is thought to help break down the venom proteins. A local anaesthetic can reduce the pain, and medical treatment includes antivenom. A tourniquet or firm constrictive bandage is no longer recommended.1
Tsenya ntho mo metsing a a mogote, a a bollo jo motho a ka bo itshokang a sa fiswe (a leke ka seatla sa gago pele), metsotso e le 30 go ya go 90. Batla thuso ya bongaka, bogolo jang go ditlhapi tsa lefika le distingrei.

Ka gale leletsa nomoro ya gago ya tshoganyetso pele (112, 000, 911). Se ke kaelo e e akaretsang ya thuso ya ntlha, ga se kgakololo ya bongaka. Motheo wa thuso ya ntlha

Nna o babalesegile

O se ka wa ama, wa tshwara kgotsa wa tshwenya phologolo ya naga, le fa e le e nnye, le fa e lebega e robetse kgotsa e sule.
E fe sebaka. Fa o kopana le yone, ritibala, boela morago ka bonya mme o e tlogele e tsamaye ka tsela ya yone.
Fa mitlwa ya yone e go tlhaba: ritibala, o se ka wa tshikinyega, leletsa nomoro ya gago ya tshoganyetso (112, 000, 911) kgotsa o ye bookelong ka bonako. Gopola gore e ne e lebega jang, setshwantsho se a thusa.

Ga e go batle. E dirisa botlhole jwa yone go tshwara dijo kgotsa go itshireletsa, mme e rata go iphitlha go feta. Go le gontsi ka go nna o babalesegile

Kae mo lefatsheng?

Aforika Asia Yuropa Amerika Bokone Amerika Borwa Australia le Oceania Lewatle la Pacific Lewatle la India Lewatle le Lehibidu Lewatle la Coral Lewatle la China Borwa Lewatle la Philippines Lewatle la Andaman Lewatle la Arabia le Gulf ya Peresia Lewatle la Timor le la Arafura Kou ya Bengal

E kgolo go le kae?

E telele go le kae?

boleele jo bo lekanang le dipanana di le 2 di latelanaboleele jo bo lekanang le diboloko tsa go aga tsa ditshamekisi di le 12 mo molenge ka thuma boleele jwa bodiba jo bogolo jwa go thuma (50 m) ka metsotswana e le 90

Reef stonefish e kgolo go le kae fa e bapisiwa le WENA?

Ke dipalo fela mo sefetleng sa gago (browser). Ga go sepe se se bolokwang kgotsa se se romelwang gope.

E bonako go le kae?

Kgopa ya tshingwana e ka nna 0,05 km/h (0,03 mph)

Reef stonefish e ka nna 2 km/h (1,2 mph)

Motho yo o thumang e ka nna 3 km/h (1,9 mph)

go botlhokwa go itse

Dintlha

It is the most venomous fish in the world.1

It strikes its prey in as little as 0.015 seconds.1

Its spines are sharp and stiff enough to pierce boot soles.1

Only six of its thirteen spines can release a fatal dose of venom.1

It is sold as an aquarium pet and as meat in some markets in southern China, the Philippines and Japan.1

Mosenyi wa ditlhamane

Tlhamane: Tying a tight tourniquet or bandage above a stonefish sting is the best first aid.

Nnete: This is no longer recommended. Hot water on the affected limb and medical treatment with antivenom are the advised steps.1

Ya baitseanape ba botlhole

Leina la saense: Synanceia verrucosa
Setlhopha: Ditlhapi tse di tsenyang botlhole
Lelapa: Synanceiidae2
Lekoko: Perciformes
Dikontinente: Lewatle la Pacific, Lewatle la India, Lewatle le Lehibidu, Lewatle la Andaman, Lewatle la China Borwa, Lewatle la Philippines, Lewatle la Coral, Lewatle la Arabia le Gulf ya Peresia, Lewatle la Timor le la Arafura, Kou ya Bengal, Mawatle
Masea: Females lay large, unfertilised eggs on the reef floor, and a male fertilises them by releasing sperm over the eggs. The young hatch well developed.1
Kotsi go batho: 4 / 5: E kotsi thata3

Kwa dintlha di tswang teng

Synanceia verrucosa (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Synanceia verrucosa (iNaturalist): maina le thulaganyo ya mefuta.
Venom Wiki: seelo sa kotsi, bogolo jo bo tlwaelegileng le kakanyo ya lebelo ke tsa rona. Bona kafa re di balang ka teng: Kafa re lekanyang kotsi ka teng.

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