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Nataal bu ñu rëdd ci Mamushi
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Mamushi

Gloydius blomhoffii
Ci turam: The specific name blomhoffii honours Jan Cock Blomhoff, who was director of the Dutch trading colony in Nagasaki, Japan, from 1817 to 1824.1
Mën na reyMën na la rey su ñu la fajul. Su la màttee, wutal ndimbal ci gaaw.
Vipère à fossettes Dafay màttDafay lekk: Yàpp
Musiba ci nit: Am na musiba loolMën na rey nit ku ñu fajul.

The mamushi is a pit viper, a type of snake that has heat-sensing pits between its eyes and nostrils. It lives in Japan, in places such as swamps, meadows and farmland. It matters because its bite is one of the most dangerous of Japan's snakes.1

Dafay dund ci
Japan only. There is no evidence it occurs in the Ryukyu Islands.1
Asi
Kër
It lives in swamps, marshes, meadows, open woodland, rocky hillsides and montane rock outcroppings. It is often found in and around farmland because rodents are common there.1
Guddaay
45 cm ba 81 cm (1,5 ft ba 2,7 ft)1
Gaawaay bu gën a kawe
lu tollu ci 3,3 km/h (2,1 mph)
Ci suuf, xalaat
Lan lay lekk?
It is an ambush predator. It waits hidden in vegetation or leaf litter, then eats mainly rodents, along with small birds, lizards and insects.1
Dëgg-dëgg!Fotoy Mamushi
Mamushi. Foto: Alpsdake. CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

Ni ngay ko xàmmee

  • Background colour is pale grey, reddish-brown or yellow-brown.1
  • A series of irregular blotches runs along the body. Each blotch has a black border and often a lighter centre.1
  • The head is dark brown or black, with beige or pale-grey sides.1
  • Adults are typically 45 to 81 cm long.1
  • It has excellent camouflage and often hides among plants or leaf litter.1

Ñu ngi koy faral di jaxasoo ak: It is similar to the cottonmouths and copperheads (Agkistrodon) of the Americas, and it was long considered part of the same group.1

Kàttanu daŋar

Dafay màtt

Daŋar bi dafay génn ci bëñam yi su màttee.

Lan la daŋar biy sóob di def?

Its venom is mostly haemolytic, meaning it breaks down red blood cells. It also contains two neurotoxins, which attack the nerves, and an anticoagulant, which stops blood from clotting. Reported effects include kidney failure, visual disturbances and palsy (paralysis).1

Ni mu lore nit ñi?

Musiba ci nit: Am na musiba loolMën na rey nit ku ñu fajul.

About 2000 to 3000 people in Japan are bitten by a mamushi each year. Approximately 10 die annually. Severe bites require intensive care, and typical bite victims need about one week of hospital treatment.1

Xibaar bu baax: doktoor yi am nañu garab (sérum antivenimeux) walla ab paj ngir lii.1

Su màttee

  • Treatment is given in hospital. It involves cutting the wound to remove venom and injecting mamushi antivenom. Pregnant women who are bitten have had miscarriages, so medical care is essential.1
  • Def ba nit ki bañ a yëngu te dal, yemale cër bi ñu màtt ak kawewaayu xol bi, dindi jaaro yi ak lu xat lépp, te yóbbu ko lopitaan ci gaaw.

Saa su nekk, woo jëkk sa nimerob urgence (112, 000, 911). Lii ay ndigal yu yaatu ci ndimbal yu jëkk la, du ndigalu doktoor. Li war a xam ci ndimbal yu jëkk

Sàmmal sa bopp

  • Bul laal mukk, bul jàpp, bul sonal ab rab bu àll, doonte bu ndaw la, te doonte dafa mel ni dafa nelaw walla dafa dee.
  • May ko bérab. Su nga ko gisee, dalal, dellu ginnaaw ndànk-ndànk te bàyyi ko mu dem yoonam.
  • Su benn màttee la: dalal, bul yëngu, woo sa nimerob urgence (112, 000, 911) walla dem lopitaan ci gaaw. Bul fàtte ni mu meloon, ab nataal dina dimbali.

Du la wut. Dafay jëfandikoo daŋaram ngir jàpp lu muy lekk walla ngir aar boppam, te nëbbu moo ko gën a neex. Yeneen ci ni ngay sàmme sa bopp

Fan ci àddina?

AfrigAsiTugalAmerig gu Bëj-gànnaarAmerig gu Bëj-saalumOstarali ak Oseyani

Ni mu réye?

Ni mu guddoo?

Mamushi guddaayam lu tollu ci 81 cm (2,7 ft)Ab muusu kër lu tollu ci 50 cm (1,6 ft)Ab xaj lu tollu ci 1 m (3,3 ft)
guddu na ni 1,5 muusu kër, bakkan ba geenguddu na ni 5 banaana yu ñu toftalemën na daw 100 meetar ci 110 segond (nit ki gën a gaaw soxla na 9,6)

Mamushi ni mu réye ci wetu YOW?

Ay waññ rekk ci sa navigateur. Dara du denc te dara du yónnee fenn.

Ni mu gaawe?

baax na xam

Xibaar

1

Recovery takes a long time. Bite victims may need several months to fully recover, even after hospital treatment and weeks of follow-up care.1

2

It is highly resistant to its own venom because its blood contains neutralising factors, including phospholipase A2 (PLA2) inhibitors.1

3

Its beta-toxin acts before the nerve junction, so anticholinesterase drugs cannot block or treat its effects.1

4

Its venom contains a peptide called ablomin, which is very similar in amino acid sequence to helothermine, a venom peptide of the Mexican beaded lizard.1

5

It is considered one of the most venomous snakes in Japan, along with the yamakagashi and the Okinawan habu.1

6

Its venom varies very little across Japan in either potency or effects.1

Ngir boroom xam-xam ci daŋar

Turu xam-xam
Gloydius blomhoffii
Mbooloo
Vipère à fossettes
Njaboot
Viperidae2
Toftal
Squamata
Kontinaa yi
Asi
Musiba ci nit
4 / 5: Am na musiba lool3

Fa xibaar yi jóge

  1. Mamushi (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Gloydius blomhoffii (iNaturalist): tur ak ni ñu leen séddale.
  3. Venom Wiki: tolluwaayu musiba bi, réyaay bu yem bi ak xalaatu gaawaay bi, nun ñoo leen defar. Seetal ni nu leen waññe: Ni nuy natte musiba.

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