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Ikhathuni ka-Caspian cobra
Inombolo 0004 kwezi-1 402

Caspian cobra

Naja oxiana
Malunga negama: Naja is a Latin form of the Sanskrit word for cobra, and oxiana comes from Oxus, the ancient name of the Amu Darya river.1
SiyabulalaEsinye sezona zilwanyana zibulalayo eMhlabeni. Ukuba siyakuluma, biza uncedo ngoko nangoko.Uncedo olukhawulezayo ne-antivenom zisindisa abantu abaninzi. Tsalela inombolo kaxakeka ngoko nangoko.
Amaphimpi, iimamba nee-krait UkulumaSitya: Inyama
Ingozi ebantwini: SiyabulalaEsinye sezona zilwanyana ziyingozi emhlabeni.

The Caspian cobra is a highly venomous snake that lives in Central Asia, Afghanistan, Iran and Pakistan. Many scientists consider it the most venomous cobra in the world. It is also a strong swimmer and a good climber.1

Sihlala
Central Asia, Afghanistan, northeastern Iran, Pakistan and far northern India1
IAsiya
Ekhaya
It lives in dry, rocky or stony foothills covered with shrubs or scrub, up to about 3,000 m above sea level. It is often found near water and rarely far from it, and it lives in holes in embankments or in trees.1
Ubude
1 m ukuya ku-1,7 m (3,3 ft ukuya ku-5,6 ft)1
Esona santya siphezulu
malunga ne-7,5 km/h (4,7 mph)
Emhlabeni, uqikelelo nje
Sitya ntoni?
It feeds mostly on small mammals and amphibians, and sometimes on fish, birds and their eggs. It also reportedly eats other snakes.1
Ngokwenene!Ifoto ka-Caspian cobra
Caspian cobra. Ifoto: Omid Mozaffari. CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Indlela yokusiqaphela

  • Adults are light to chocolate brown or yellowish, with no hood marks and no spots on the throat.1
  • Juveniles are pale and faded, with dark and light cross-bands of about equal width around the body.1
  • The hood is long and tapers gradually, unlike the rounder hood of some other cobras.1
  • It has several dark bands under the throat.1
  • It is never fully black, although some individuals can be quite dark.1

Sidla ngokubhidaniswa no: The Caspian cobra is often confused with the Indian cobra, and the two live side by side in Pakistan and northern India. Indian cobras without a hood mark look similar. In the black form of the Indian cobra from Pakistan, almost the whole throat is black, while the Caspian cobra has several dark throat bands and is never fully black.1

Amandla etyhefu yokuluma nokuhlaba

Ukuluma

Ityhefu iphuma ngamazinyo aso etyhefu okanye ngamazinyo aso xa siluma.

Ityhefu yaso yokuluma okanye yokuhlaba yenza ntoni?

Its venom is mainly neurotoxic, meaning it attacks the nerves, and most of the venom is made of short neurotoxins. It also contains cytotoxins, which can kill cells, and enzymes called nucleases, which damage tissue at the bite. Severe pain and swelling appear quickly, and weakness, drowsiness and paralysis of the throat and limbs can appear within an hour. The venom can also affect the heart during the first few hours, and at least one heart attack after a bite has been recorded.1

Siyingozi kangakanani ebantwini?

Ingozi ebantwini: SiyabulalaEsinye sezona zilwanyana ziyingozi emhlabeni.

It is regarded as the most dangerous snake in Central Asia and has a high death rate. Between 1979 and 1987, 136 confirmed bites were attributed to it in the former Soviet Union. Of these, 8 people died after receiving antivenom, and 11 of the 15 who did not receive antivenom died. In Iran, it causes more deaths from snakebite than any other snake in the country. Without treatment, death can come in as little as 45 minutes or be delayed for up to 24 hours.1

Iindaba ezimnandi: oogqirha banamayeza (i-antivenom) okanye unyango lwale nto.1

Senza ntoni xa soyika?

It tends to avoid people, but when cornered or provoked it spreads its hood, hisses, sways from side to side and strikes repeatedly.1

Ukuba siyaluma

  • Medical treatment with antivenom is essential, because untreated bites are often fatal. Symptoms can worsen rapidly without treatment, so urgent medical care is needed.1
  • Gcina umntu engashukumi kwaye ezolile, susa imisesane nezinto eziqinileyo, uze umse esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza: i-antivenom lunyango.

Soloko utsalela inombolo kaxakeka kuqala (112, 000, 911). Esi sisikhokelo soncedo lokuqala ngokubanzi, asilocebiso lwezonyango. Iziseko zoncedo lokuqala

Hlala ukhuselekile

  • Ungaze uchukumise, ubambe okanye uqhule isilwanyana sasendle, nokuba sincinci, kwaye nokuba sibonakala silele okanye sifile.
  • Sinike indawo. Ukuba udibana naso, hlala uzolile, buyela umva kancinci kwaye usiyeke sihambe ngendlela yaso.
  • Ukuba siyakuluma: hlala uzolile, musa ukushukuma, tsalela inombolo kaxakeka (112, 000, 911) okanye uye esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza. Khumbula ukuba sasikhangeleka njani, ifoto iyanceda.

Asikuzingeli. Sisebenzisa ityhefu yaso ukubamba ukutya okanye ukuzikhusela, kwaye singakhetha ukuzimela. Okungakumbi malunga nokuhlala ukhuselekile

Phi emhlabeni?

IAfrikaIAsiyaIYurophuuMntla MelikauMzantsi MelikaIOstreliya neOceania

Sikhulu kangakanani?

Side kangakanani?

Caspian cobra malunga ne-1,7 m ubude (5,6 ft)Umntu omdala malunga ne-1,7 m (5,6 ft)Ibhayisekile yomntu omdala malunga ne-1,8 m (5,9 ft)
ubude obulingana neekati zasekhaya eziyi-3 ukusuka empumlweni ukuya emsileniubude obulingana neebhanana eziyi-9 zilandelelanasingagqiba iimitha ezili-100 ngemizuzwana eyi-48 (owona mntu ukhawulezayo udinga i-9,6)

U-Caspian cobra mkhulu kangakanani xa uthelekisa NAWE?

Zizibalo nje kwibhrawuza yakho. Akukho nto igcinwayo okanye ithunyelwa naphi na.

Sikhawuleza kangakanani?

kufanelekile ukwazi

Iinyaniso

1

Many toxinological studies suggest that the Caspian cobra is the most venomous cobra in the world.1

2

A ribonuclease called ribonuclease V1, purified from its venom, is used as a laboratory reagent in molecular biology because it can break down structured RNA.1

3

It cannot spit venom, but it is a good climber and an able swimmer.1

4

It is the westernmost species of Asiatic cobra, and it can be found at heights of up to about 3,000 m.1

5

For most of the twentieth century it was treated as a subspecies of the Indian cobra, until genetic analysis showed it was a separate species.1

Umqhekezi weentsomi

Intsomi: Caspian cobras are always black, like some Indian cobras.

Inyaniso: The Caspian cobra is never fully black. Adults are light to chocolate brown or yellowish, and it has several dark bands under the throat.1

Kwiingcali zetyhefu

Igama lenzululwazi
Naja oxiana
Iqela
Amaphimpi, iimamba nee-krait
Usapho
Elapidae2
Ucwangco
Squamata
Amazwekazi
IAsiya
Ingozi ebantwini
5 / 5: Siyabulala3

Apho iinyaniso zivela khona

  1. Caspian cobra (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Naja oxiana (iNaturalist): amagama nokuhlelwa.
  3. Venom Wiki: inqanaba lengozi, ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo noqikelelo lwesantya zezethu. Bona indlela esizifumana ngayo: Indlela esilinganisa ngayo ingozi.

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Okungakumbi kwiqela elinye: Amaphimpi, iimamba nee-krait

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Sikwahlala: IAsiya

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Yondla unomadudwaneingqayi yezipho, iyigcina isimahla