Venom Wiki / Zonke izilwanyana / Amaphimpi, iimamba nee-krait

Inombolo 0002 kwezi-1 402

Monocled cobra

Naja kaouthia

Malunga negama: The name comes from the monocle-shaped, or circular, marking on the hood.1

SiyabulalaEsinye sezona zilwanyana zibulalayo eMhlabeni. Ukuba siyakuluma, biza uncedo ngoko nangoko.Uncedo olukhawulezayo ne-antivenom zisindisa abantu abaninzi. Tsalela inombolo kaxakeka ngoko nangoko.

Amaphimpi, iimamba nee-krait

UkulumaSitya: Inyama

Ingozi ebantwini: SiyabulalaEsinye sezona zilwanyana ziyingozi emhlabeni.

The monocled cobra is a venomous snake found across South and Southeast Asia. It has a round, monocle-shaped mark on the back of its hood, though some individuals have a faint pattern or none at all. It often lives close to people, so it is responsible for many snakebites in its range.1

Sihlala

South and Southeast Asia, from India east to China, Vietnam and Cambodia, and south to the Malay Peninsula1

IAsiya

Ekhaya

It prefers places with water, such as paddy fields, swamps and mangroves, but also lives in grasslands, forests, farmland (up to 1,000 m) and human settlements, including cities. In rice-growing areas it hides in rodent burrows in the banks between fields.1

Ubude

1,4 m ukuya ku-2,3 m (4,4 ft ukuya ku-7,5 ft)1

Esona santya siphezulu

malunga ne-7,6 km/h (4,7 mph)

Emhlabeni, uqikelelo nje

Sitya ntoni?

Juveniles feed mostly on amphibians. Adults prey on small mammals, snakes and fish.1

Ifoto ka-Monocled cobra — Monocled cobra. Ifoto: Akash M. Deshmukh. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Indlela yokusiqaphela

A round, O-shaped marking on the hood, usually yellow or orange, though the pattern can be variable or absent1
A black spot on the underside of the hood on either side1
One or two black cross-bars on the belly just behind the hood1
The back may be yellow, brown, grey or blackish, and adults become paler, brownish or olive1
Adults typically measure 1.35 to 1.5 m, with a tail of about 23 cm1

Sidla ngokubhidaniswa no: The Indian cobra has a 'spectacle' pattern on the back of its hood: two circular marks joined by a curved line. The monocled cobra has a single O-shaped mark instead.1

Amandla etyhefu yokuluma nokuhlaba

Ukuluma

Ityhefu iphuma ngamazinyo aso etyhefu okanye ngamazinyo aso xa siluma.

Ityhefu yaso yokuluma okanye yokuhlaba yenza ntoni?

The venom is neurotoxic, meaning it attacks the nerves. It blocks nerve signals to the muscles, which can cause paralysis and, in severe cases, death from respiratory failure. The venom also contains myotoxins (which damage muscle) and cardiotoxins (which harm the heart), and usually causes extensive local tissue death (necrosis) around the bite. Drowsiness and neurological symptoms usually appear first, while pain, flushing and low blood pressure typically appear within one to four hours. In very severe cases, paralysis or death can occur as early as 60 minutes. The neurotoxins of this species are described as weak.1

Siyingozi kangakanani ebantwini?

Ingozi ebantwini: SiyabulalaEsinye sezona zilwanyana ziyingozi emhlabeni.

It is responsible for a significant share of snakebite cases and deaths in its range. It causes the greatest number of snakebite fatalities in Thailand. In Thailand between 1968 and 1974, 20 cobra bites were recorded, all with systemic envenoming, and 19 patients survived.1

Iindaba ezimnandi: oogqirha banamayeza (i-antivenom) okanye unyango lwale nto.1

Senza ntoni xa soyika?

When disturbed it prefers to escape, but when threatened it raises the front of its body, spreads its hood, hisses loudly and strikes to bite.1

Ukuba siyaluma

Gcina umntu engashukumi kwaye ezolile, susa imisesane nezinto eziqinileyo, uze umse esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza: i-antivenom lunyango.
Ukuba ityhefu itshicelwe emehlweni, wahlambulule ngamanzi amaninzi acocekileyo ngoko nangoko.

Soloko utsalela inombolo kaxakeka kuqala (112, 000, 911). Esi sisikhokelo soncedo lokuqala ngokubanzi, asilocebiso lwezonyango. Iziseko zoncedo lokuqala

Hlala ukhuselekile

Ungaze uchukumise, ubambe okanye uqhule isilwanyana sasendle, nokuba sincinci, kwaye nokuba sibonakala silele okanye sifile.
Sinike indawo. Ukuba udibana naso, hlala uzolile, buyela umva kancinci kwaye usiyeke sihambe ngendlela yaso.
Ukuba siyakuluma: hlala uzolile, musa ukushukuma, tsalela inombolo kaxakeka (112, 000, 911) okanye uye esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza. Khumbula ukuba sasikhangeleka njani, ifoto iyanceda.

Asikuzingeli. Sisebenzisa ityhefu yaso ukubamba ukutya okanye ukuzikhusela, kwaye singakhetha ukuzimela. Okungakumbi malunga nokuhlala ukhuselekile

Phi emhlabeni?

IAfrika IAsiya IYurophu uMntla Melika uMzantsi Melika IOstreliya neOceania

Sikhulu kangakanani?

Side kangakanani?

ubude obulingana neekati zasekhaya eziyi-5 ukusuka empumlweni ukuya emsileniubude obulingana neebhanana eziyi-13 zilandelelanasingagqiba iimitha ezili-100 ngemizuzwana eyi-47 (owona mntu ukhawulezayo udinga i-9,6)

U-Monocled cobra mkhulu kangakanani xa uthelekisa NAWE?

Zizibalo nje kwibhrawuza yakho. Akukho nto igcinwayo okanye ithunyelwa naphi na.

Sikhawuleza kangakanani?

Umntu ohambayo malunga ne-5 km/h (3,1 mph)

Monocled cobra malunga ne-7,6 km/h (4,7 mph)

Umntwana okhwele ibhayisekile malunga ne-12 km/h (7,5 mph)

kufanelekile ukwazi

Iinyaniso

Some populations can spray venom accurately at a target, which is why it is called the Indian spitting cobra.1

A single bite delivers about 263 mg of dry venom on average.1

It can hybridise with the spectacled cobra (Naja naja), and some hybrid pairs have been seen cooperating in caring for young.1

In rice-growing areas it has become semi-aquatic, living close to water.1

Its largest recorded fang measures 6.78 mm.1

Umqhekezi weentsomi

Intsomi: Every monocled cobra has the monocle-shaped mark and can spit venom.

Inyaniso: The hood pattern can be highly variable or absent in some individuals, and not all individuals can spit venom.1

Kwiingcali zetyhefu

Igama lenzululwazi: Naja kaouthia
Iqela: Amaphimpi, iimamba nee-krait
Usapho: Elapidae2
Ucwangco: Squamata
Amazwekazi: IAsiya
Iintsana: It lays eggs. Females lay 16 to 33 eggs per clutch, hatching after 55 to 73 days, and usually stay with the eggs.1
Imeko yaso endle: Least Concern (IUCN Red List); listed on CITES Appendix II1
Ingozi ebantwini: 5 / 5: Siyabulala3

Apho iinyaniso zivela khona

Monocled cobra (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Naja kaouthia (iNaturalist): amagama nokuhlelwa.
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