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European paper wasp

Polistes dominula

Malunga negama: It is called the European paper wasp because of its native range in Europe and its nests, which are made from paper and saliva. The species name dominula is a noun meaning "little mistress".1

Kubuhlungu njeKubuhlungu, kodwa akusayi kukwenzakalisa kakhulu.

Iinyosi, oonomeva nee-hornet

UkuhlabaSitya: Izinambuzane

Ingozi ebantwini: KubuhlunguKunokuba buhlungu ngokwenene, kodwa phantse akusoze kube kubi kakhulu.

The European paper wasp is a yellow and black social wasp that builds nests from chewed plant fibre mixed with saliva, which looks like grey paper. It lives in warm, temperate parts of Europe, North Africa and Asia, and it has spread to many other continents. It matters because it has become a common invasive species in North America.1

Sihlala

Southern Europe, North Africa and temperate Asia; introduced to New Zealand, Australia, South Africa and the Americas1

IYurophu, IAsiya, IAfrika

Ekhaya

It generally lives in temperate, land habitats such as chaparral, forest and grassland. It often nests on and around human buildings and structures, which give shelter and are close to food.1

Ubude

8,5 mm ukuya ku-1,3 cm (0,3 in ukuya ku-0,5 in)1

Esona santya siphezulu

malunga ne-25 km/h (16 mph)

Ukubhabha, uqikelelo nje

Sitya ntoni?

It eats many different types of insects, which is more varied than most Polistes wasps, and this gives it an advantage when food is scarce.1

Ifoto ka-European paper wasp — European paper wasp. Ifoto: Bill Keim. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Indlela yokusiqaphela

Its body is coloured entirely yellow and black.1
The female's mandible (jaw) is black and sometimes has a yellow spot.1
The outer half of the antennae (feelers) is orange-yellow.1
Wings are about 8.5 to 13 mm long, with little variation between individuals.1
Males have curled antennae and no stinger.1

Sidla ngokubhidaniswa no: Its yellow and black body is similar to that of Vespula germanica, one of the most common and defensive wasps in its native range. In older literature it was often confused with Polistes gallicus, which is now recognised as a separate species.1

Amandla etyhefu yokuluma nokuhlaba

Ukuhlaba

Ityhefu iphuma ngenaliti yokuhlaba.

Siyingozi kangakanani ebantwini?

Ingozi ebantwini: KubuhlunguKunokuba buhlungu ngokwenene, kodwa phantse akusoze kube kubi kakhulu.

Senza ntoni xa soyika?

Its bright yellow and black colouring is a warning colour, and its nests are built in well-protected places to help it avoid predators.1

Ukuba siyahlaba

Krwela inaliti yenyosi uyikhuphe uze upholise indawo.
Ukuba umntu uphefumla kanzima, ubuso okanye umqala wakhe uyadumba, okanye uziva ngathi uza kufa isiqaqa, yimeko kaxakeka ye-aleji: tsalela inombolo kaxakeka kwaye usebenzise ipeni yakhe ye-adrenaline ukuba unayo.

Soloko utsalela inombolo kaxakeka kuqala (112, 000, 911). Esi sisikhokelo soncedo lokuqala ngokubanzi, asilocebiso lwezonyango. Iziseko zoncedo lokuqala

Hlala ukhuselekile

Ungaze uchukumise, ubambe okanye uqhule isilwanyana sasendle, nokuba sincinci, kwaye nokuba sibonakala silele okanye sifile.
Sinike indawo. Ukuba udibana naso, hlala uzolile, buyela umva kancinci kwaye usiyeke sihambe ngendlela yaso.
Ukuba siyakuhlaba: hlala uzolile, musa ukushukuma, tsalela inombolo kaxakeka (112, 000, 911) okanye uye esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza. Khumbula ukuba sasikhangeleka njani, ifoto iyanceda.

Asikuzingeli. Sisebenzisa ityhefu yaso ukubamba ukutya okanye ukuzikhusela, kwaye singakhetha ukuzimela. Okungakumbi malunga nokuhlala ukhuselekile

Phi emhlabeni?

IAfrika IAsiya IYurophu uMntla Melika uMzantsi Melika IOstreliya neOceania

Sikhulu kangakanani?

Side kangakanani?

sincinci kangangokuba singahlala eluzipheni lwakhosingabhabha siwele ibala lebhola ekhatywayo lonke ngemizuzwana eyi-15

U-European paper wasp mkhulu kangakanani xa uthelekisa NAWE?

Zizibalo nje kwibhrawuza yakho. Akukho nto igcinwayo okanye ithunyelwa naphi na.

Sikhawuleza kangakanani?

Impukane yasendlwini malunga ne-7 km/h (4,4 mph)

European paper wasp malunga ne-25 km/h (16 mph)

Umntu obaleka ngamandla malunga ne-37 km/h (23 mph)

kufanelekile ukwazi

Iinyaniso

Its colonies can include many unrelated wasps: about 35% of the wasps in a colony are unrelated, which is unusual for social insects.1

Males' abdominal spots vary in size, location and pattern, and they signal social rank within the colony.1

If the queen is removed from a nest, the second most dominant female takes over her role.1

In spring, some North American colonies have been seen with more than 80 wasps joining to reuse and expand an old nest.1

The first North American record was in Massachusetts in the late 1970s, and it had spread across the northeastern USA by 1995.1

Umqhekezi weentsomi

Intsomi: The species name is sometimes spelled "dominulus", as authors wrongly assumed the name was an adjective.

Inyaniso: Dominula is a noun meaning "little mistress", so under the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature it does not change when the species moves genus.1

Kwiingcali zetyhefu

Igama lenzululwazi: Polistes dominula
Iqela: Iinyosi, oonomeva nee-hornet
Usapho: Vespidae2
Ucwangco: Hymenoptera
Amazwekazi: IYurophu, IAsiya, IAfrika
Iintsana: Dominant females lay the eggs, and the queen starts laying in late March or early April.1
Ingozi ebantwini: 2 / 5: Kubuhlungu3

Apho iinyaniso zivela khona

European paper wasp (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Polistes dominula (iNaturalist): amagama nokuhlelwa.
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