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Mediterranean recluse

Loxosceles rufescens

Malunga negama: The specific name rufescens means "reddish", referring to the colour of the species.1

Kubuhlungu njeKubuhlungu, kodwa akusayi kukwenzakalisa kakhulu.

Izigcawu

UkulumaSitya: Izinambuzane

Ingozi ebantwini: KubuhlunguKunokuba buhlungu ngokwenene, kodwa phantse akusoze kube kubi kakhulu.

The Mediterranean recluse spider is a small spider that comes from the Mediterranean region. It has spread to many parts of the world through human travel and trade, and it is listed as one of the most invasive spiders in the world. Its bite can cause skin damage, so it is worth knowing what it looks like.1

Sihlala

Mediterranean and western Asia; now also Madagascar, south-east Asia, Australia, islands and North America1

IYurophu, IAsiya, IAfrika

Ekhaya

It usually lives in caves, basements and tunnels, and prefers warm, generally dry weather. Where it is not native, it is often found in damp places such as basements, where it hunts cockroaches and silverfish. In 2021, spiders of this species were found in a university library basement, which led to the library closing for two days.1

Ubude

7 mm ukuya ku-7,5 mm (0,3 in ukuya ku-0,3 in)1

Esona santya siphezulu

malunga ne-0,8 km/h (0,5 mph)

Emhlabeni, uqikelelo nje

Sitya ntoni?

It is an active hunter that goes out at night to catch and kill insects, rather than waiting in a web. It mainly targets smaller insects, such as silverfish and cockroaches, because their soft bodies are easier to overcome.1

Ifoto ka-Mediterranean recluse — Mediterranean recluse. Ifoto: Ludivine Lamare. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Indlela yokusiqaphela

A medium-sized spider with three pairs of two eyes arranged in a triangle, instead of the usual eight eyes1
A violin-shaped pattern on the front part of the body (cephalothorax)1
Adults of both sexes grow to about 7 to 7.5 cm... no, 7 to 7.5 mm long1
Its web is very thin and fragile, made of silk strands laid in a disorganised way1

Sidla ngokubhidaniswa no: It is nearly indistinguishable in appearance from the brown recluse spider (Loxosceles reclusa). Pest control for one can often be adapted for the other.1

Amandla etyhefu yokuluma nokuhlaba

Ukuluma

Ityhefu iphuma ngamazinyo aso etyhefu okanye ngamazinyo aso xa siluma.

Ityhefu yaso yokuluma okanye yokuhlaba yenza ntoni?

Its venom contains an enzyme called sphingomyelinase D, which causes necrosis, meaning the death of skin and other tissue around the bite. Most cases are medically insignificant. In some cases, penetrating pain starts 2 to 8 hours after the bite, followed by burning, and the area becomes red and painful. A blister may form that turns dark blue with a sunken centre over several days. In rare cases, the blood and kidneys can be damaged, which can lead to kidney failure.1

Siyingozi kangakanani ebantwini?

Ingozi ebantwini: KubuhlunguKunokuba buhlungu ngokwenene, kodwa phantse akusoze kube kubi kakhulu.

Most bites are medically insignificant, but some people are affected much more seriously. In 2024, the species was blamed for the deaths of two people in Italy.1

Ukuba siyaluma

Hlamba indawo elunyiweyo uze ubeke ipakethi yomkhenkce kuyo ngenxa yeentlungu. Fumana uncedo lwezonyango ukuba iintlungu zinamandla, ziyasasazeka okanye umntu uziva engaphilanga kakuhle.

Soloko utsalela inombolo kaxakeka kuqala (112, 000, 911). Esi sisikhokelo soncedo lokuqala ngokubanzi, asilocebiso lwezonyango. Iziseko zoncedo lokuqala

Hlala ukhuselekile

Ungaze uchukumise, ubambe okanye uqhule isilwanyana sasendle, nokuba sincinci, kwaye nokuba sibonakala silele okanye sifile.
Sinike indawo. Ukuba udibana naso, hlala uzolile, buyela umva kancinci kwaye usiyeke sihambe ngendlela yaso.
Ukuba siyakuluma: hlala uzolile, musa ukushukuma, tsalela inombolo kaxakeka (112, 000, 911) okanye uye esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza. Khumbula ukuba sasikhangeleka njani, ifoto iyanceda.

Asikuzingeli. Sisebenzisa ityhefu yaso ukubamba ukutya okanye ukuzikhusela, kwaye singakhetha ukuzimela. Okungakumbi malunga nokuhlala ukhuselekile

Phi emhlabeni?

IAfrika IAsiya IYurophu uMntla Melika uMzantsi Melika IOstreliya neOceania

Sikhulu kangakanani?

Side kangakanani?

sincinci kangangokuba singahlala eluzipheni lwakho

U-Mediterranean recluse mkhulu kangakanani xa uthelekisa NAWE?

Zizibalo nje kwibhrawuza yakho. Akukho nto igcinwayo okanye ithunyelwa naphi na.

Sikhawuleza kangakanani?

Ufudo malunga ne-0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Mediterranean recluse malunga ne-0,8 km/h (0,5 mph)

Umntu ohambayo malunga ne-5 km/h (3,1 mph)

kufanelekile ukwazi

Iinyaniso

It is listed as one of the most invasive spiders in the world.1

It can survive for long periods without food and water, which makes it hard to control in homes.1

Young spiders shed their skins several times as they grow, and these skins often look pale and ghostly.1

Males hunt more actively than females, partly because they are also searching for a mate.1

Kwiingcali zetyhefu

Igama lenzululwazi: Loxosceles rufescens
Iqela: Izigcawu
Usapho: Sicariidae2
Ucwangco: Araneae
Amazwekazi: IYurophu, IAsiya, IAfrika
Iintsana: Egg sacs contain about 40 eggs, which take a few weeks to hatch, depending on the temperature.1
Imeko yaso endle: Least Concern (South African National Biodiversity Institute)1
Ingozi ebantwini: 2 / 5: Kubuhlungu3

Apho iinyaniso zivela khona

Mediterranean recluse spider (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Loxosceles rufescens (iNaturalist): amagama nokuhlelwa.
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