Venom Wiki / Zonke izilwanyana / Iintlanzi ezinetyhefu

Inombolo 1174 kwezi-1 402

Reef stonefish

Synanceia verrucosa

Malunga negama: The scientific name verrucosa means "covered with verrucas or warts", which refers to the warty growths all over its body.1

SinokubulalaMusa ukuchukumisaSinokukubulala ukuba awunyangwanga. Ukuba amava aso ayakugwaza, fumana uncedo ngokukhawuleza.

Iintlanzi ezinetyhefu

Amava anetyhefuSitya: Inyama

Ingozi ebantwini: Siyingozi kakhuluSinokubulala umntu ongafumani nyango.

The reef stonefish is a fish that hides on coral reefs and looks like a rock or piece of coral. It is the most venomous fish in the world, and its venom can kill people. It lives in shallow warm seas across the Red Sea, the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific.1

Sihlala

Red Sea, coastal East Africa, Indian Ocean and western Pacific to French Polynesia, southern Japan and Taiwan. Also found in the far eastern Mediterranean.1

uLwandlekazi lwePasifiki, uLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya, uLwandle oluBomvu, uLwandle lweAndaman, uLwandle lwaseMzantsi China, uLwandle lwePhilippines, uLwandle lweCoral, uLwandle lwaseArabhiya neGulf yasePersi, uLwandle lweTimor ne-Arafura, iBhayi yaseBengal

Ekhaya

It lives in shallow tropical waters, in coral reefs. It settles on and around rocks and plants, or rests on the seabed. Its spines have been known to pierce boot soles.1

Ubude

40 cm (1,3 ft)1

Esona santya siphezulu

malunga ne-2 km/h (1,2 mph)

Ukuqubha, uqikelelo nje

Sitya ntoni?

It eats mostly small fish, shrimp and other crustaceans. It sits motionless on the reef floor and waits for prey to swim past, then engulfs it at great speed. Some have struck prey in 0.015 seconds.1

Ifoto ka-Reef stonefish — Reef stonefish. Ifoto: Ewout Knoester. CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

Indlela yokusiqaphela

Usually brown or grey, sometimes with patches of yellow, orange or red.1
Rough, tough skin covered in warts, with no scales.1
Wide, flattened head with small eyes that point upwards.1
Back fin with 12 to 14 spines, all of equal length.1
Its colour and skin texture help it blend in among rocks and corals.1

Amandla etyhefu yokuluma nokuhlaba

Amava anetyhefu

Amava abukhali aphethe ityhefu. Ukusinyathela okanye ukusibamba kubuhlungu.

Ityhefu yaso yokuluma okanye yokuhlaba yenza ntoni?

Its venom is a mixture of proteins. Effects include severe pain, shock, paralysis and tissue death. A large dose can be fatal, and the fatal protein in this species is verrucotoxin. Stonefish venom can be fatal at a dose of only 18 mg, which six of its thirteen spines can release.1

Siyingozi kangakanani ebantwini?

Ingozi ebantwini: Siyingozi kakhuluSinokubulala umntu ongafumani nyango.

It is the most venomous fish in the world and its venom can kill humans. A large dose can be fatal, and young children, the elderly and people with weakened immune systems are at greatest risk.1

Iindaba ezimnandi: oogqirha banamayeza (i-antivenom) okanye unyango lwale nto.1

Senza ntoni xa soyika?

It relies on camouflage to stay hidden and, when necessary, on its back spines, each with venom sacs at its base.1

Ukuba amava aso ayakugwaza

Immerse the affected limb in hot water, which is thought to help break down the venom proteins. A local anaesthetic can reduce the pain, and medical treatment includes antivenom. A tourniquet or firm constrictive bandage is no longer recommended.1
Faka inxeba emanzini ashushu, ashushu kangangoko umntu angakwazi ukunyamezela ngaphandle kokutshiswa (wavavanye ngesandla sakho), imizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-90. Fumana uncedo lwezonyango, ingakumbi kwii-stonefish nakwii-stingray.

Soloko utsalela inombolo kaxakeka kuqala (112, 000, 911). Esi sisikhokelo soncedo lokuqala ngokubanzi, asilocebiso lwezonyango. Iziseko zoncedo lokuqala

Hlala ukhuselekile

Ungaze uchukumise, ubambe okanye uqhule isilwanyana sasendle, nokuba sincinci, kwaye nokuba sibonakala silele okanye sifile.
Sinike indawo. Ukuba udibana naso, hlala uzolile, buyela umva kancinci kwaye usiyeke sihambe ngendlela yaso.
Ukuba amava aso ayakugwaza: hlala uzolile, musa ukushukuma, tsalela inombolo kaxakeka (112, 000, 911) okanye uye esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza. Khumbula ukuba sasikhangeleka njani, ifoto iyanceda.

Asikuzingeli. Sisebenzisa ityhefu yaso ukubamba ukutya okanye ukuzikhusela, kwaye singakhetha ukuzimela. Okungakumbi malunga nokuhlala ukhuselekile

Phi emhlabeni?

IAfrika IAsiya IYurophu uMntla Melika uMzantsi Melika IOstreliya neOceania uLwandlekazi lwePasifiki uLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya uLwandle oluBomvu uLwandle lweCoral uLwandle lwaseMzantsi China uLwandle lwePhilippines uLwandle lweAndaman uLwandle lwaseArabhiya neGulf yasePersi uLwandle lweTimor ne-Arafura iBhayi yaseBengal

Sikhulu kangakanani?

Side kangakanani?

ubude obulingana neebhanana eziyi-2 zilandelelanaubude obulingana neebhloko zokudlala zokwakha eziyi-12 zilandelelanasingaqubha ubude bechibi elikhulu lokuqubha (50 m) ngemizuzwana eyi-90

U-Reef stonefish mkhulu kangakanani xa uthelekisa NAWE?

Zizibalo nje kwibhrawuza yakho. Akukho nto igcinwayo okanye ithunyelwa naphi na.

Sikhawuleza kangakanani?

Inkumba yasegadini malunga ne-0,05 km/h (0,03 mph)

Reef stonefish malunga ne-2 km/h (1,2 mph)

Umntu oqubhayo malunga ne-3 km/h (1,9 mph)

kufanelekile ukwazi

Iinyaniso

It is the most venomous fish in the world.1

It strikes its prey in as little as 0.015 seconds.1

Its spines are sharp and stiff enough to pierce boot soles.1

Only six of its thirteen spines can release a fatal dose of venom.1

It is sold as an aquarium pet and as meat in some markets in southern China, the Philippines and Japan.1

Umqhekezi weentsomi

Intsomi: Tying a tight tourniquet or bandage above a stonefish sting is the best first aid.

Inyaniso: This is no longer recommended. Hot water on the affected limb and medical treatment with antivenom are the advised steps.1

Kwiingcali zetyhefu

Igama lenzululwazi: Synanceia verrucosa
Iqela: Iintlanzi ezinetyhefu
Usapho: Synanceiidae2
Ucwangco: Perciformes
Amazwekazi: uLwandlekazi lwePasifiki, uLwandlekazi lwaseIndiya, uLwandle oluBomvu, uLwandle lweAndaman, uLwandle lwaseMzantsi China, uLwandle lwePhilippines, uLwandle lweCoral, uLwandle lwaseArabhiya neGulf yasePersi, uLwandle lweTimor ne-Arafura, iBhayi yaseBengal, Iilwandlekazi
Iintsana: Females lay large, unfertilised eggs on the reef floor, and a male fertilises them by releasing sperm over the eggs. The young hatch well developed.1
Ingozi ebantwini: 4 / 5: Siyingozi kakhulu3

Apho iinyaniso zivela khona

Synanceia verrucosa (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Synanceia verrucosa (iNaturalist): amagama nokuhlelwa.
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