第 1227 號，共 1 402 號

Carolina madtom

Noturus furiosus

名字的由來： The species name furiosus refers to the stinging spines in its pectoral fins, which earned it the "furiosus" title.1

只是會痛不要碰會痛，但不會對你造成嚴重傷害。

有毒液的魚

有毒液的棘刺吃：昆蟲

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

The Carolina madtom is a small catfish that lives only in North Carolina, in the USA. It is an endangered fish that needs clean, fast-flowing streams with stones and gravel. Its scientific name refers to the stinging spines on its fins.1

分布在

Endemic to North Carolina, USA, in the Tar and Neuse river basins1

北美洲

首頁

It lives in medium to large freshwater streams and rivers in the Piedmont and Coastal Plain areas. It prefers riffles, runs and pools with a steady flow, and stable gravel and cobble bottoms free of silt. It needs cover, such as rocks, bark and mussel shells, for nesting.1

長度

13 cm (5 in)1

最高速度

大約 3,9 km/h（2,4 mph）

游泳, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It is a sight feeder, most active at night with peaks at dawn and dusk. It eats bottom-dwelling invertebrates such as larval midges, mayflies, caddisflies, dragonflies and beetle larvae.1

Carolina madtom 的照片 — Carolina madtom。照片：USFWS Headquarters, no known copyright restrictions (public domain)。 Public domain, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

Short, chunky body, compared with other madtoms1
Three dark saddles along the back, joined by a wide black stripe along each side from the snout to the base of the tail1
A dark blotch on the adipose fin that looks like a fourth saddle1
Tan body with yellowish to tan blotches between the saddles, and an un-speckled belly1
Crescent-shaped brown bands near the edge and centre of the tail, and serrated (saw-like) pectoral spines1

毒液力量

有毒液的棘刺

尖銳的棘刺帶著毒液。踩到或抓到牠都會很痛。

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

如果牠的棘刺刺到你

把傷口泡在熱水裡，水溫要在傷者能忍受、又不會燙傷的範圍內（先用你自己的手試水溫），泡 30 到 90 分鐘。要就醫，特別是被石頭魚和魟魚刺傷時。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠的棘刺刺到：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

跟 4 塊玩具積木排成一排一樣長可以在 46 秒內游完一座大游泳池（50 公尺）

Carolina madtom 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一個正在游泳的人 大約 3 km/h (1,9 mph)

Carolina madtom 大約 3,9 km/h (2,4 mph)

奧運游泳選手 大約 8 km/h (5 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Scientists have tested artificial cover units made of terra cotta, and the fish have used them for breeding, guarding eggs and escaping predators.1

Males guard the eggs, and the young grow to roughly two inches long in their first two years.1

The invasive flathead catfish is a top predator in its rivers and has been found to prey on it.1

給毒液專家

學名: Noturus furiosus
類群: 有毒液的魚
家人: Ictaluridae2
排序: Siluriformes
各大洲: 北美洲
寶寶: Females lay around 80 to 300 eggs each season, and males protect and watch over the eggs.1
牠在野外的狀況: Endangered1
對人的危險: 2 / 5: 疼痛3