第 1224 號，共 1 402 號

Stonecat

Noturus flavus

名字的由來： The common name comes from its habit of hiding near or under stones. Its genus name Noturus means "back tail" and its species name flavus means "yellow".1

只是會痛不要碰會痛，但不會對你造成嚴重傷害。

有毒液的魚

有毒液的棘刺吃：每樣都來一點

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

The stonecat is a small freshwater catfish from North America. It hides near or under stones in fast-moving water. It is special because it has venom glands at the base of its pectoral spines, which can cause extreme pain.1

分布在

North America: Great Lakes, St Lawrence and Mississippi basins, from Quebec to Alberta and south to Alabama1

北美洲

首頁

Stonecats live in large creeks to small rivers, usually in gently to fast-moving riffles with rocky bottoms. They also live in natural lakes such as Lake Erie, on rock and gravel bars that get strong wave action.1

長度

10 cm 到 30 cm (3,9 in 到 1 ft)1

體重

100 g 到 499 g (4 oz 到 1,1 lb)1

最高速度

大約 4,8 km/h（3 mph）

游泳, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

Stonecats are opportunistic bottom feeders. At night they use their sensitive barbels to search the river bed for aquatic insect larvae, mayflies, snails and other molluscs, minnows, fish eggs, crayfish, worms and plant material.1

Stonecat 的照片 — Stonecat。照片：unknown。 CC0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

Small, slender, flat-headed catfish with a thick, yellowish-brown skin1
The sides of the head shade to yellow, and the belly is whitish1
A white spot at the rear of the dorsal fin base and another on the upper edge of the tail fin1
Either two light bars or a patch on the nape, depending on the population1

毒液力量

有毒液的棘刺

尖銳的棘刺帶著毒液。踩到或抓到牠都會很痛。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

Stonecats have venom glands, mainly at the bases of the pectoral spines. Their venom causes extreme pain, similar to that of a wasp sting. Other members of this catfish family cause irritating wounds from their spines, but the stonecat's venom is stronger.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

The spines can deliver venom that causes extreme pain, similar to a wasp sting. Keep clear of its spines.1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

Stonecats hide near or under stones, and their venom glands sit at the bases of their pectoral spines.1

如果牠的棘刺刺到你

把傷口泡在熱水裡，水溫要在傷者能忍受、又不會燙傷的範圍內（先用你自己的手試水溫），泡 30 到 90 分鐘。要就醫，特別是被石頭魚和魟魚刺傷時。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠的棘刺刺到：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

牠有多重？

跟 4 根香蕉一樣重

跟 10 塊玩具積木排成一排一樣長可以在 38 秒內游完一座大游泳池（50 公尺）

Stonecat 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一個正在游泳的人 大約 3 km/h (1,9 mph)

Stonecat 大約 4,8 km/h (3 mph)

奧運游泳選手 大約 8 km/h (5 mph)

值得知道

小知識

A stonecat's pectoral spines carry venom glands, which makes them far more painful than the spines of most related catfish.1

Its eggs are amber-yellow and very large for a fish, measuring between 3.5 and 4 mm across.1

Stonecats are used as indicators of water quality, because they are absent from highly polluted or heavily silted areas.1

Stonecats form monogamous pairs for breeding, and they spawn when water temperatures reach 25 °C.1

The upper jaw of the stonecat projects beyond the lower jaw.1

給毒液專家

學名: Noturus flavus
類群: 有毒液的魚
家人: Ictaluridae2
排序: Siluriformes
各大洲: 北美洲
寶寶: Males guard the clutch of eggs under large, flat rocks, and a female may produce between 200 and 1,200 eggs per year.1
壽命: 大約 6 年1
牠在野外的狀況: Not threatened, according to the US Endangered Species Act1
對人的危險: 2 / 5: 疼痛3