第 0297 號，共 1 402 號

Darevsky's viper

Vipera darevskii

名字的由來： It is named after Ilya Sergeyevich Darevsky, a Russian herpetologist (a scientist who studies reptiles and amphibians).1

只是會痛會痛，但不會對你造成嚴重傷害。

蝰蛇

咬吃：肉

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

Darevsky's viper is a small venomous snake that lives high in the mountains of northwestern Armenia, northeastern Turkey and southern Georgia. Its bite is painful and causes swelling, but it does not appear to be life-threatening to adults. It is a rare animal, classed as critically endangered.1

分布在

Northwestern Armenia, northeastern Turkey and southern Georgia1

亞洲

首頁

It lives in cold, damp mountain ridges at heights of 2,300 to 3,000 metres. It favours rocky deposits, high moraines and rocky outcrops surrounded by alpine grassland, especially on warm, steep south-facing and south-east-facing slopes.1

長度

15 cm 到 42 cm (5,9 in 到 1,4 ft)1

體重

500 mg (0 oz)1

最高速度

大約 3,1 km/h（1,9 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It hunts lizards, small rodents and orthopterans (insects such as grasshoppers and crickets). Because its venom is potent, its prey digests very quickly.1

Darevsky's viper 的照片 — Darevsky's viper。照片：ttadevosyan76。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

Light brown to grey background colour with a dark brown to black zigzag pattern along the back, often broken into pieces.1
A single row of small dark blotches on each side of the body.1
Belly with many grey or black dots. Females have a greyer belly, while males' bellies are almost black.1
Chin shields and lip scales are white, with a few dark fang-shaped marks on the lip scales.1
Adult males are brighter, with a yellow tint and a dark, often black, pattern. Females are browner, with a fainter pattern. Females reach up to 42.1 cm in total length.1

常被誤認為： It is often compared with Vipera eriwanensis. That species has a pinkish tint on its lip scales, while Darevsky's viper has white lip scales with dark fang-shaped marks.1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

Its venom is potent, and it is a relatively small venomous snake. A bite causes pain and local swelling around the wound. The bite does not appear to be life-threatening to adult humans.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

The bite is painful and causes local swelling, but it appears not to be life-threatening to adult humans.1

如果牠咬人

讓傷者保持不動和冷靜，讓被咬的手臂或腿保持在和心臟一樣的高度，取下戒指和緊身的東西，並趕快送醫院。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

牠有多重？

比一根迴紋針還輕

跟 2,5 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長跟 13 塊玩具積木排成一排一樣長輕到放在手上你也感覺不到可以在 120 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Darevsky's viper 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Darevsky's viper 大約 3,1 km/h (1,9 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Its digestion is very fast. In captive tests at 4 to 7 °C, a meal of fuzzy rat was digested in only 3 days.1

Remains of this snake have been found in the droppings of a beech marten, although little is known about its natural enemies.1

Newborns feed on the yolk left inside them for their first two weeks, and they grow without eating before their first shed.1

It is active during the day and moves into rocky deposits to keep its body at about 26 to 28 °C.1

給毒液專家

學名: Vipera darevskii
類群: 蝰蛇
家人: Viperidae2
排序: Squamata
各大洲: 亞洲
寶寶: It is ovoviviparous, meaning the eggs hatch inside the mother and she gives birth to live young. She has 4 to 8 babies between September and early October.1
牠在野外的狀況: Critically endangered (IUCN Red List)1
對人的危險: 2 / 5: 疼痛3