第 0726 號，共 1 402 號

Eastern white-tailed spider

Lampona murina

名字的由來： The name 'white-tailed' refers to the whitish tips at the end of the abdomen, and the genus name Lampona comes from the Latin lampo, meaning 'to shine'.1

只是會痛會痛，但不會對你造成嚴重傷害。

蜘蛛

咬吃：肉

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

The Eastern white-tailed spider is a slender hunting spider from southern and eastern Australia. It has also spread to New Zealand. It does not spin a web. Instead, it roams, mostly at night, hunting other spiders.1

分布在

Southern and eastern Australia. Introduced to New Zealand, where Lampona murina has lived in the North Island for over a hundred years.1

澳洲與大洋洲

首頁

They live in gardens and inside houses, and also under bark and rocks. In some reported bite cases, the spider had got into clothing, towels or beds.1

長度

1,8 cm (0,7 in)1

最高速度

大約 0,86 km/h（0,53 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

They are vagrant hunters that seek out and inject venom into their prey rather than catching it in a web. Their favourite prey is other spiders, especially the black house spider and the brown house spider.1

Eastern white-tailed spider 的照片 — Eastern white-tailed spider。照片：Tony Wills。 CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

Slender, cigar-shaped body that is dark reddish to grey.1
Dark orange-brown legs with bands.1
Grey abdomen with two pairs of faint white spots.1
Usually, but not always, a distinct white spot at the tip of the abdomen, just above the spinnerets.1
Body length up to 18 mm, with a leg span of about 28 mm.1

常被誤認為： Two common species, Lampona cylindrata and Lampona murina, look very similar and are not easily told apart without a microscope. The name 'white-tail' is also applied to several other spider species that have a white mark at the end of the abdomen.1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

Their venom is used to subdue prey. In people, a bite usually causes a small red or discoloured bump, with pain, local swelling and itchiness. Rarely, it causes nausea, vomiting, malaise (a general feeling of being unwell) or headache. These symptoms are generally mild and resolve over time.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

Bites are reported in people, but studies found the effects are usually local and mild. A study of 130 confirmed bites found no necrotic ulcers (tissue death) and no confirmed infections. No deaths are mentioned.1

如果牠咬人

清洗咬傷處，用冰敷袋冰敷止痛。如果很痛、疼痛擴散或傷者覺得不舒服，要就醫。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

比你的小指頭還短

Eastern white-tailed spider 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Eastern white-tailed spider 大約 0,86 km/h (0,53 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

The necrotic ulcers once blamed on these spiders were not confirmed. A scientific study found other causes, mostly infections.1

White-tailed spiders do not build webs. They hunt actively, often at night.1

The white tail marking remains into adulthood, while other markings fade with each moult.1

Many people think there is only one white-tailed spider species, but the two common species look so alike that more species may still be unidentified.1

Both common species have been introduced to New Zealand, where Lampona cylindrata has spread across the South Island since 1980.1

破解迷思

迷思： White-tailed spider bites cause flesh-eating ulcers (necrosis).

真相： A study of 130 confirmed bites found no necrotic ulcers or confirmed infections. Symptoms are usually mild, with a red mark, pain, swelling and itchiness.1

給毒液專家

學名: Lampona murina
類群: 蜘蛛
家人: Lamponidae2
排序: Araneae
各大洲: 澳洲與大洋洲
寶寶: Lampona cylindrata lays pinkish eggs enclosed in a flattened silk capsule, and the female guards them until they hatch.1
對人的危險: 2 / 5: 疼痛3