第 0725 號，共 1 402 號

White-tailed spider

Lampona cylindrata

名字的由來： The name refers to the whitish tips at the end of the abdomen. The genus name Lampona comes from the Latin lampo, meaning 'to shine'.1

只是會痛會痛，但不會對你造成嚴重傷害。

蜘蛛

咬吃：肉

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

The white-tailed spider is a slim, long-legged spider that lives in southern and eastern Australia. It gets its name from the whitish tip at the end of its abdomen. It hunts other spiders at night rather than spinning a web, and it can bite people.1

分布在

Southern and eastern Australia; also introduced to New Zealand1

澳洲與大洋洲

首頁

They live in gardens and inside houses, and can be found beneath bark and rocks. Most are active at night. In reported bite cases, spiders had got into clothing, towels or beds.1

長度

1,8 cm (0,7 in)1

最高速度

大約 0,86 km/h（0,53 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

They are vagrant hunters that seek out and envenom their prey rather than catching it in a web. Their preferred prey is other spiders, especially the black house spider and the brown house spider.1

White-tailed spider 的照片 — White-tailed spider。照片：Steve Kerr。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

Slender spider with a dark reddish to grey, cigar-shaped body1
Dark orange-brown legs with bands1
Grey abdomen with two pairs of faint white spots1
Usually a distinct white spot at the tip of the abdomen, just above the spinnerets (the silk-producing organs)1
Does not build a web1

常被誤認為： Lampona murina is very similar to Lampona cylindrata. The two are not easily told apart without microscopic examination. Several other spider species also have a white mark at the end of the abdomen and are called white-tails.1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

The bite injects venom. Typical effects are a small red or discoloured bump that burns or itches, along with local pain and swelling. Rarely, the bite causes nausea, vomiting, malaise (a general feeling of being unwell) or headache. These symptoms are generally mild and go away over time.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

Bites are generally mild. In a study of 130 confirmed white-tailed spider bites, there were no necrotic ulcers (areas of dead tissue) and no confirmed infections. The effects were mainly local, such as pain, a red mark, swelling and itching.1

如果牠咬人

清洗咬傷處，用冰敷袋冰敷止痛。如果很痛、疼痛擴散或傷者覺得不舒服，要就醫。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

比你的小指頭還短

White-tailed spider 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

White-tailed spider 大約 0,86 km/h (0,53 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Ulcers and tissue death were once blamed on white-tailed spider bites, but studies found other causes, mostly infections.1

In reported bite cases, more than 60% of people said the spider had got into their clothing, towels or bed.1

The two common species look so alike that people once thought there was only one kind of white-tailed spider.1

The white tail marking stays into adulthood, while other markings fade with each moult.1

Lampona murina has lived on New Zealand's North Island for over a hundred years.1

破解迷思

迷思： White-tailed spider bites cause ulcers and necrosis (dead tissue).

真相： A study of 130 bites found no necrotic ulcers or confirmed infections. Ulcers blamed on these spiders were shown to have other causes, mostly infections.1

給毒液專家

學名: Lampona cylindrata
類群: 蜘蛛
家人: Lamponidae2
排序: Araneae
各大洲: 澳洲與大洋洲
寶寶: Females of Lampona cylindrata lay pinkish eggs enclosed in a flattened silk capsule, and the female guards them until they hatch.1
對人的危險: 2 / 5: 疼痛3