第 0994 號，共 1 402 號

Mammoth wasp

Megascolia maculata

無害對人無害。不用擔心。

螫吃：昆蟲

The mammoth wasp is the largest wasp found in Europe. It looks a bit like a very big bumble bee, and it lives in warm, dry places around the Mediterranean and across parts of Asia. Its young grow up inside beetle grubs.1

分布在

Southern and central Europe, north to Belgium, Russia, North Africa and the Near East; recorded in southern Great Britain1

歐洲, 亞洲

首頁

It lives in Mediterranean-type habitats such as oak forests, maquis and garrigue. In Russia it is most common around people, where manure piles, sawmills and compost heaps give its prey somewhere to live.1

長度

4,5 cm (1,8 in)1

最高速度

大約 45 km/h（28 mph）

飛行, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

Adults feed on nectar from flowers. The female hunts for the grubs of the European rhinoceros beetle in dead wood.1

Mammoth wasp 的照片 — Mammoth wasp。照片：Dr. Nasser Halaweh。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

Glossy black body covered in fine, downy hair1
Two yellow bands across the abdomen, sometimes split into four yellow spots1
Females have a yellow head; males have a black head1
Females can reach 4.5 cm, and males are smaller than females1
Looks like a very large, elongated bumble bee1

常被誤認為： It is often confused with Scolia hirta. That wasp is smaller and has a black head.1

毒液力量

螫

毒液從螫針出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

The female stings the beetle grub to paralyse it, so it cannot move. Its venom is used on prey, not as a defence for people. The sting paralyses the beetle grub so the wasp's larva can feed on it.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 輕微跟蜜蜂螫差不多或更輕微。對人基本上無害。

如果牠螫人

把蜜蜂的螫針刮掉，然後冷敷患處。
如果傷者呼吸困難、臉部或喉嚨腫脹，或覺得快要昏倒，這就是過敏急症：打緊急電話，如果傷者有腎上腺素自動注射筆，就使用它。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠螫了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

比你的小指頭還短可以在 8,4 秒內飛過一整座足球場

Mammoth wasp 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一個正在衝刺的人 大約 37 km/h (23 mph)

Mammoth wasp 大約 45 km/h (28 mph)

市區裡的汽車 大約 50 km/h (31 mph)

值得知道

小知識

It is the largest wasp found in Europe.1

It is a parasitoid: its young develop by feeding on another insect, a beetle grub, which dies in the process.1

Some researchers suggest it was the model for a gold Minoan pendant called the Malia Pendant.1

The European rhinoceros beetle is its main host, but it also lays eggs on the grubs of several other beetles, including the European stag beetle.1

給毒液專家

學名: Megascolia maculata
類群: 蜜蜂、胡蜂和虎頭蜂
家人: Scoliidae2
排序: Hymenoptera
各大洲: 歐洲, 亞洲
寶寶: The female lays a single egg on a paralysed beetle grub. The wasp larva eats the grub, except its skin, then builds a cocoon and emerges as an adult the following spring.1
對人的危險: 1 / 5: 輕微3