第 0952 號，共 1 402 號

Asian hornet

Vespa velutina

只是會痛會痛，但不會對你造成嚴重傷害。

螫吃：昆蟲

The Asian hornet is a hornet from Southeast Asia that has spread to many other countries, including most of Europe, where it is an invasive species. It is a concern because it hunts honeybees and its stings can be serious for people.1

分布在

Native to Southeast Asia. Invasive in much of Europe, Japan, South Korea, parts of the United States, New Zealand and Algeria.1

亞洲

首頁

Hornets build paper nests, which can hold several thousand individuals. Nests start in a low shrub and are often moved high into a tree after some months. Hornets hunt over beehives and apiaries, where people keeping bees can meet them, and people may be attacked when they disturb a nest.1

長度

2 cm 到 3 cm (0,8 in 到 1,2 in)1

最高速度

大約 30 km/h（19 mph）

飛行, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It hunts a wide range of insects, including flies, dragonflies and grasshopper-type insects (Orthoptera), usually by chasing them in flight. Where it finds honeybee colonies, it tends to specialise in catching honeybees.1

Asian hornet 的照片 — Asian hornet。照片：BlueGinkgo。 CC BY-SA 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

Queens are about 3 cm long, males about 2.4 cm and workers about 2 cm, so it is significantly smaller than the European hornet.1
Its legs (tarsi) are yellow, which gives it the name yellow-legged hornet.1
The thorax is velvety brown or black, with a brown abdomen.1
Each abdominal segment has a narrow yellow border at the back, except the fourth segment, which is orange.1
The head is black and the face is yellow.1

常被誤認為： It looks like the European hornet (V. crabro), which is much larger. Its nest exit is usually on the side rather than at the bottom.1

毒液力量

螫

毒液從螫針出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

Multiple stings have caused anaphylactic shock, a severe allergic reaction, in people who were hospitalised in France.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

Although the species is not aggressive, people have been attacked after disturbing nests. A man in Galicia, Spain, was killed in 2017 after being stung over 20 times while pruning an apple tree. Several people have died in south west France, including in 2019 and 2020. Because of its larger size, its stings are more serious than those of western honeybees.1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

When it feels its nest is threatened, it charges in a group.1

如果牠螫人

把蜜蜂的螫針刮掉，然後冷敷患處。
如果傷者呼吸困難、臉部或喉嚨腫脹，或覺得快要昏倒，這就是過敏急症：打緊急電話，如果傷者有腎上腺素自動注射筆，就使用它。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠螫了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

大約跟一根迴紋針一樣長可以在 13 秒內飛過一整座足球場

Asian hornet 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻家蠅 大約 7 km/h (4,4 mph)

Asian hornet 大約 30 km/h (19 mph)

一個正在衝刺的人 大約 37 km/h (23 mph)

值得知道

小知識

In its native range, its main prey is the eastern honeybee, which defends the hive by balling hornets and raising the temperature inside the ball to a level that kills the hornet.1

A hornet hunting honeybees holds a territory of about 0.5 m² above a beehive and catches bees as they return to the hive.1

It is believed to have reached France in boxes of pottery from China in 2004.1

A colony often starts a nest in a low shrub, then abandons it after some months and builds a new one high in a tree, possibly to avoid parasites.1

Young queens leave the colony in late autumn and hibernate over winter.1