第 0963 號，共 1 402 號

Median wasp

Dolichovespula media

只是會痛會痛，但不會對你造成嚴重傷害。

螫吃：每樣都來一點

The median wasp is a social wasp that lives across Europe and temperate Asia, as far east as Japan. It builds hanging paper nests in shrubs and trees, and sometimes under the eaves of buildings. It is usually calm, but it will sting if its nest is threatened.1

分布在

Throughout Europe and temperate Asia, east to Japan. Also recorded in the United Kingdom and New Zealand.1

歐洲, 亞洲

首頁

It builds aerial paper nests 1 to 5 metres above the ground, usually in shrubs, trees or under building eaves. Colonies are found in both urban and rural areas. The wasps prefer nests close to the ground, where humidity is higher, in open spots that get plenty of sun.1

長度

1,6 cm 到 2,2 cm (0,6 in 到 0,9 in)1

最高速度

大約 26 km/h（16 mph）

飛行, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

Workers forage for insects, nectar and wood for building the nest. As it searches for prey, it pauses briefly over each flower. Larvae are fed small amounts of flesh, and adults also take liquid food.1

Median wasp 的照片 — Median wasp。照片：carnifex。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎麼認出牠

Medium to large, about 16 to 22 mm long1
Yellow and black stripes on the abdomen1
Yellow clypeus (the face plate below the eyes) with a thin black central line1
Large yellow areas behind the eyes1
Shiny black thorax with four yellow spots that are tinted orange or red1

常被誤認為： Queens are often mistaken for hornets because of their reddish colouring. They can be told apart by the yellow spots on the thorax and their deep black colour.1

毒液力量

螫

毒液從螫針出來。

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

The median wasp is not usually aggressive. It will sting if it feels its nest is threatened, so keep well away from nests.1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

A disturbed wasp first places its head at the nest entrance in an alert position, then flies quickly around the nest and may drop suddenly to the ground.1

如果牠螫人

把蜜蜂的螫針刮掉，然後冷敷患處。
如果傷者呼吸困難、臉部或喉嚨腫脹，或覺得快要昏倒，這就是過敏急症：打緊急電話，如果傷者有腎上腺素自動注射筆，就使用它。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠螫了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

大約跟一根迴紋針一樣長可以在 15 秒內飛過一整座足球場

Median wasp 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻家蠅 大約 7 km/h (4,4 mph)

Median wasp 大約 26 km/h (16 mph)

一個正在衝刺的人 大約 37 km/h (23 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Sisters share 0.75 of their genes by descent, which is higher than the 0.5 shared between full siblings, because of how sex is determined in this order of insects.1

The queen curls her body around the nest's central stalk, which is thought to help keep eggs and larvae warm.1

Workers sometimes police the nest, with the queen or other workers destroying eggs laid by other workers.1

Workers can forage at temperatures as low as 7 °C (45 °F).1

Its nests are made of paper pulp produced by chewing and digesting wood.1

破解迷思

迷思： Queens are hornets because of their reddish colour.

真相： The queen is a median wasp. She can be told apart by the yellow spots on her thorax and her deep black colour.1

給毒液專家

學名: Dolichovespula media
類群: 蜜蜂、胡蜂和虎頭蜂
家人: Vespidae2
排序: Hymenoptera
各大洲: 歐洲, 亞洲
寶寶: A single queen starts each nest in early May and rears about 10 workers herself. Each colony can grow to about 1000 cells, and around 800 wasps reach adulthood.1
對人的危險: 2 / 5: 疼痛3