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Perentie 的卡通圖
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Perentie

Varanus giganteus
名字的由來： British zoologist John Edward Gray first described it in 1845 as Hydrosaurus giganteus, which he called the "gigantic water lizard".1
只是會痛會痛，但不會對你造成嚴重傷害。
有毒液的蜥蜴 咬吃：肉
對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

The perentie is one of the largest lizards alive, and the largest in Australia. It lives in the dry deserts of the west, centre and north of the country, where it is rarely seen. It is a powerful hunter that eats a wide range of animals, and it is important in many Aboriginal cultures.1

分布在
Arid desert areas of Western Australia, South Australia, the Northern Territory and Queensland, west of the Great Dividing Range1
澳洲與大洋洲
首頁
Perenties live in rocky outcrops and gorges with hard-packed soil and loose stones. They are shy and usually avoid people, so they are rarely seen, especially as much of their range is remote.1
長度
2,5 m (8,2 ft)1
體重
20 kg (44 lb)1
最高速度
大約 18 km/h（11 mph）
在陸地上, 粗略估計
牠吃什麼？
Perenties are active hunters that mostly eat reptiles, small mammals and sometimes birds. They also scavenge carrion, and adults can kill kangaroos, using their powerful forelimbs and claws to tear off pieces too large to swallow whole.1
是真的！Perentie 的照片
Perentie。照片：Bernard DUPONT from FRANCE。 CC BY-SA 2.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

  • Head and neck are creamy-white with a net-like (reticulated) pattern of black lines and flecks.1
  • Body is yellow or cream, with brown rosette markings on the back.1
  • Limbs are dark with white spots.1
  • Very lean for a large monitor, so much less bulky than a rock monitor of similar length.1

常被誤認為： Rock monitors can reach a similar length, but they are much bulkier. Perenties are very lean for their size.1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠的毒液有什麼作用？

Researchers at the University of Melbourne found in 2005 that monitors may be somewhat venomous, which means they inject mild venom with a bite. A perentie bite can cause swelling within minutes, localised disruption of blood clotting (the blood's ability to clot is affected in the area), and shooting pain up to the elbow that can last several hours.1

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 疼痛可能會非常痛，但幾乎從來不會很嚴重。

The bite can do much damage, not only from the teeth but also from the oral secretions.1

牠害怕時會做什麼？

If threatened, a perentie will usually freeze flat on the ground or run away. If cornered, it stands its ground, inflates its throat, hisses, strikes with its tail, and may lunge with its mouth open.1

如果牠咬人

  • 清洗傷口，讓傷者保持冷靜，並且就醫。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。 急救基本知識

注意安全

  • 絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
  • 給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
  • 如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。 更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

Perentie 大約 2,5 m 長 (8,2 ft)大人的腳踏車 大約 1,8 m (5,9 ft)一台汽車 大約 4,5 m (15 ft)

牠有多重？

跟 5 隻家貓一樣重
跟 2,5 隻狗從鼻子接到尾巴一樣長跟 14 根香蕉頭尾相接一樣長可以在 20 秒內跑完 100 公尺（最快的人類需要 9.6 秒）

Perentie 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

值得知道

小知識

1

Perenties eat other monitor lizards, including a 2 m perentie that was seen killing and eating a 1.5 m one.1

2

They often stand on their back legs and tail to get a better view, a behaviour called "tripoding".1

3

Perenties are among the largest living lizards, after the Komodo dragon, Asian water monitor and crocodile monitor.1

4

Perenties can dig a burrow for shelter in only minutes.1

5

The species was first named the "gigantic water lizard", even though it lives in dry desert country.1

6

The perentie has long been important to desert Aboriginal peoples, who ate it as food and used its fat for medicinal and ceremonial purposes.1

破解迷思

迷思： Monitor lizard bites were thought to cause problems only because of infection from bacteria in the animal's mouth.

真相： Researchers showed that the immediate effects of monitor bites, including swelling and pain, are caused by mild envenomation.1

給毒液專家

學名
Varanus giganteus
類群
有毒液的蜥蜴
家人
Varanidae2
排序
Squamata
各大洲
澳洲與大洋洲
寶寶
The perentie lays its eggs in termite mounds or in the soil.1
牠在野外的狀況
Least Concern1
對人的危險
2 / 5: 疼痛3

知識的出處

  1. Perentie (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Varanus giganteus (iNaturalist): 名稱和分類。
  3. Venom Wiki: 危險等級、一般大小和速度估計都是我們自己定的。看看我們是怎麼算出來的： 我們怎麼評估危險.

這一頁的每個知識都有一個數字，指向它的出處。如果我們寫錯了，對不起，我們是動物迷，不是科學期刊。寫信到 [email protected] 告訴我們，我們會修正。

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同一類群的其他動物: 有毒液的蜥蜴

Lace monitor有毒液的蜥蜴只是會痛Spiny-tailed monitor有毒液的蜥蜴無害Yellow-spotted monitor有毒液的蜥蜴只是會痛Mitchell's water monitor有毒液的蜥蜴無害Komodo dragon有毒液的蜥蜴可能致命Gila monster有毒液的蜥蜴需要看醫生

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