第 1058 號，共 1 402 號

Vinchuca kissing bug

Triatoma infestans

需要看醫生很少致命，但被咬了需要看醫生。

咬

The vinchuca, also called the kissing bug, is a blood-sucking bug found in South America. It is the most important carrier of a parasite that causes Chagas disease, and it is common in homes in the Southern Cone region.1

分布在

Argentina, Bolivia, Uruguay, Chile, Brazil, Paraguay, Venezuela, Peru, El Salvador; widespread in the Southern Cone of South America1

南美洲

首頁

It is almost exclusively a household pest in South America, especially in the Cochabamba Valley in Bolivia and parts of Paraguay and Argentina. A few free-living populations remain in Argentina, Paraguay and Brazil.1

長度

2,5 cm (1 in)1

最高速度

大約 0,55 km/h（0,34 mph）

在陸地上, 粗略估計

牠吃什麼？

It is a blood-sucking bug, like virtually all members of its subfamily Triatominae.1

Vinchuca kissing bug 的照片 — Vinchuca kissing bug。照片：unknown。 Public domain, Wikimedia Commons.

怎麼認出牠

Darwin called it the great black bug of the Pampas.1
It is soft and wingless.1
It is about an inch long, roughly 2.5 cm.1
Before feeding it is thin; after sucking blood it becomes round and bloated.1

毒液力量

咬

咬的時候，毒液會從毒牙或牙齒出來。

牠對人有多危險？

對人的危險: 嚴重被咬了需要看醫生。死亡案例非常罕見。

It is the most important carrier of the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, which can lead to Chagas disease. The parasite is passed on through the bug's faeces, not through feeding. Darwin is speculated to have died from chronic Chagas disease. A regional control programme, the Southern Cone Initiative managed by PAHO, works to control it.1

如果牠咬人

被會螫人的毛毛蟲毛刺到時：用膠帶把毛黏起來，再清洗皮膚。不要搓揉。
被咬時：清洗並冷敷。如果傷者覺得不舒服或容易流血，要就醫。

一定要先打緊急電話（112、000、911）。這是一般急救指引，不是醫療建議。急救基本知識

注意安全

絕對不要碰、抓或捉弄野生動物，就算是很小的動物，就算牠看起來在睡覺或已經死了也一樣。
給牠空間。如果遇到了，保持冷靜，慢慢往後退，讓牠自己離開。
如果被牠咬了：保持冷靜，保持不動，打緊急電話（112、000、911）或趕快去醫院。記住牠的樣子，有照片會很有幫助。

牠不是想來抓你。牠用毒液來捕捉食物或保護自己，而且牠更想躲起來。更多安全知識

在世界上的哪裡？

非洲亞洲歐洲北美洲南美洲澳洲與大洋洲

牠有多大？

牠有多長？

大約跟一根迴紋針一樣長

Vinchuca kissing bug 跟「你」比起來有多大？

只是在你的瀏覽器裡做算術。什麼都不會儲存，也不會傳送到任何地方。

牠有多快？

一隻陸龜 大約 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Vinchuca kissing bug 大約 0,55 km/h (0,34 mph)

一個正在走路的人 大約 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

值得知道

小知識

Charles Darwin wrote about being attacked by one on 26 March 1835, during the Beagle survey voyage.1

Transmission of the parasite happens through its faeces, not through the act of feeding.1

Transmission rates are higher in areas with few bugs, because bugs in crowded areas interrupt each other's meals and often do not get a full blood meal.1

It tends to displace other Triatominae vectors of Chagas, such as Panstrongylus megistus and T. sordida.1

Brazil's spread of this bug between 1955 and 1964 is likely due to immigrants moving north from the south.1