第 1246 号，共 1 402 张

Bat ray

Myliobatis californica

只是会疼会疼，但不会对你造成严重伤害。

蜇伤吃：肉

The bat ray is a flat, diamond-shaped fish related to sharks, with wing-like fins that it flaps to swim. It lives in shallow coastal waters from central Oregon in the USA down to the Gulf of California in Mexico, and around the Galápagos Islands. It has a venomous spine near the base of its tail, but it uses it only when it feels threatened.1

生活在

Coastal waters from central Oregon (USA) to the Gulf of California (Mexico), and the Galápagos Islands area1

太平洋, 加利福尼亚湾

首页

Bat rays live in muddy or sandy sloughs, estuaries and bays, kelp beds, and rocky-bottomed shorelines. They are often found in flat, shallow water with sand patches between rocks. People can meet them in shallow sand, so walking there calls for care.1

长度

1.8 m (5.9 ft)1

体重

9.1 kg到91 kg (20 lb到201 lb)1

最高速度

约 22 公里/小时（14 英里/小时）

游泳, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

Bat rays eat molluscs, crustaceans and small fish from the seabed. They use their wing-like fins to move sand and expose prey, and may dig pits up to 20 cm deep with their snouts to reach buried clams. Their flat, pavement-like teeth crush shells, and the hard pieces are spat out while the soft parts are swallowed.1

Bat ray的照片 — Bat ray。照片：Martin Holst Friborg Pedersen from Copenhagen S, Denmark。 CC BY 2.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎样认出它

Diamond-shaped body, with wing-like pectoral fins that end in blunt points1
Broad head raised higher than the fins, with eyes set on the sides of the head1
Dark back, black or dark brown, with a white underside1
Whip-like tail with at least one venomous spine at its base1
Usually two small cephalic horns (projections from the front of the head) used for pushing food into the mouth1

毒液之力

蜇伤

毒液通过蜇刺出来。

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 很疼可能真的很疼，但几乎从不严重。

The bat ray is not considered dangerous to people. It uses its venomous tail spine only when it is attacked or frightened.1

它害怕时会做什么？

The bat ray camouflages itself in the sand and uses its tail spine only when attacked or frightened.1

If it stings

把伤口泡在热水里，水温以不烫伤为限、尽量热（先用你自己的手试一试），泡 30 到 90 分钟。去看医生，尤其是被石头鱼和魟鱼伤到时。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
If one stings you: stay calm, keep still, call your emergency number (112, 000, 911) or get to a hospital fast. Remember what it looked like, a photo helps.

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲太平洋加利福尼亚湾

它有多大？

它有多长？

它有多重？

和 5 只狗一样重

和 4 只家猫鼻子接尾巴一样长和 10 根香蕉首尾相接一样长8.2 秒就能游完一个大泳池（50 米）

Bat ray和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一名奥运游泳选手 约 8 公里/小时 (5 mph)

Bat ray 约 22 公里/小时 (14 mph)

一只全速游的海豚 约 35 公里/小时 (22 mph)

值得了解

事实

Bat rays dig pits in the seabed that can be up to 4 m long, and small fish gather to eat the creatures the rays expose.1

The bat ray's young are born with the spine's sheath, which falls off within hours of birth.1

Bat rays can grow to a wingspan of 1.8 m, and the largest individuals weigh about 91 kg.1

Some bat rays live alone, while others form schools of thousands.1

Bat rays have teeth that are replaced continuously, as is the case with all elasmobranchs (sharks, rays and their relatives).1

谣言粉碎机

谣言： Bat rays are dangerous to people because of their venomous spine.

真相： Bat rays are not considered dangerous. They use the spine only when attacked or frightened, and people can avoid it by shuffling their feet when walking through shallow sand.1

给毒液专家

学名: Myliobatis californica
类别: 有毒的鱼
家人: Myliobatidae2
排序: Myliobatiformes
大洲: 太平洋, 加利福尼亚湾, 海洋
宝宝: Bat rays are ovoviviparous, so the eggs hatch inside the mother and the young are born live. A litter has two to ten pups, which are born tail first with their fins wrapped around their bodies.1
寿命: 约 23 年1
它在野外过得怎么样: Least Concern1
对人的危险: 2 / 5: 很疼3