第 1185 号，共 1 402 张

California scorpionfish

Scorpaena guttata

名字的由来： Its scientific name, guttata, means "spotted", after the many dark spots on its head, body and fins.1

需要看医生不要触摸很少致命，但如果它的刺扎到你，要去看医生。

有毒的鱼

有毒的刺吃：肉

对人的危险: 严重如果它的刺扎到你，要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

The California scorpionfish is a spiny fish that lives on the ocean floor along the Pacific coast of California and Baja California. It stays still among rocks and in caves, where its spotted colours help it blend in. Its spines carry venom, so it is one to leave alone.1

生活在

Eastern Pacific Ocean: from Santa Cruz, California, south along Baja California, and in the Gulf of California1

太平洋, 加利福尼亚湾

首页

It lives on rocky bottoms just offshore or in bays, and it also uses underwater caves. It is usually found in water up to about 30 metres deep, though it can go down to 183 metres. People most often meet it when fishing, when it is pulled from the hook.1

长度

43 cm到47 cm (1.4 ft到1.5 ft)1

最高速度

约 2 公里/小时（1.2 英里/小时）

游泳, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It eats other fish, crustaceans, octopuses and squid. Juvenile crabs are its favourite prey, especially in autumn and winter.1

California scorpionfish的照片 — California scorpionfish。照片：nmoorhatch。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

Reddish brown body with many brown and black spots1
Especially many dark spots on the fins1
Spiny head1
Reaches up to about 43 to 47 cm long1
Lies on the ocean floor for most of its time, as it has no swim bladder1

毒液之力

有毒的刺

锋利的刺带着毒液。踩到或抓住它会很疼。

它的毒液会造成什么？

Its spines contain venom-producing glands. The venom is cardiotoxic, meaning it affects the heart; in laboratory studies it caused changes in blood pressure and heart rhythm. A spine prick can cause severe, throbbing pain, swelling, numbness and discolouration of the finger, with pain spreading up the arm. Nausea, faintness and pale, clammy skin can also occur.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 严重如果它的刺扎到你，要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

It has been responsible for many human injuries and has been called one of the most noxious marine animals in California waters. Fishermen are most often affected when removing the fish from a hook. The effects can feel much like a rattlesnake bite, and one victim developed pericarditis, an inflammation of the lining around the heart. In one reported case, the victim recovered in about two weeks.1

它害怕时会做什么？

When pulled from the water, it flares the spines on its fins and gill covers, which makes it difficult to handle.1

如果它的刺扎到你

把伤口泡在热水里，水温以不烫伤为限、尽量热（先用你自己的手试一试），泡 30 到 90 分钟。去看医生，尤其是被石头鱼和魟鱼伤到时。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果它的刺扎到你：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲太平洋加利福尼亚湾

它有多大？

它有多长？

和 2.5 根香蕉首尾相接一样长和 15 块玩具积木排成一排一样长90 秒就能游完一个大泳池（50 米）

California scorpionfish和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一只花园蜗牛 约 0.05 公里/小时 (0.03 mph)

California scorpionfish 约 2 公里/小时 (1.2 mph)

一个在游泳的人 约 3 公里/小时 (1.9 mph)

值得了解

事实

Its venom is produced in grooves along each spine, and the spine is covered by a thin membrane that is pushed back as it enters the skin, helping to inject the venom.1

It has no swim bladder, which is why it spends most of its time resting on the ocean floor.1

Some individuals have travelled up to 200 km in mark and recapture studies. One fish moved from near Santa Cruz Island to Long Beach over about 14 months.1

The California two-spot octopus preys on it, and the fish will also eat small octopuses of the same kind.1

Its maximum recorded lifespan is 21 years.1

Despite its danger, it is considered a very good food fish once the spines have been avoided, and it is sought after by some Asian communities in Southern California.1

给毒液专家

学名: Scorpaena guttata
类别: 有毒的鱼
家人: Scorpaenidae2
排序: Perciformes
大洲: 太平洋, 加利福尼亚湾, 海洋
宝宝: It lays eggs inside a floating, elastic, gelatinous mass about 25 cm long. Each egg is just over 1 mm long, and the mass turns cloudy white as it drifts at the surface.1
寿命: 约 21 年1
对人的危险: 3 / 5: 严重3