第 1129 号，共 1 402 张

Christmas tree hydroid

Pennaria disticha

只是会疼会疼，但不会对你造成严重伤害。

蜇伤吃：肉

The Christmas tree hydroid is a small, branching sea creature that grows in colonies on rocks and hard surfaces in shallow water. It is found in warm seas around the world, and it is common in the Mediterranean Sea. Scientists have used it to study how animals catch their prey.1

生活在

Warm waters worldwide; probably began in the western Atlantic Ocean, and is common in the Mediterranean Sea1

大西洋, 太平洋, 印度洋, 加勒比海, 地中海, 墨西哥湾, 帝汶海和阿拉弗拉海, 孟加拉湾, 加利福尼亚湾

首页

It grows in shallow water, attached to hard surfaces such as rocks and man-made structures, in places with some water movement. On reefs it is usually found in less-exposed spots and in crevices. It has also spread on ropes and other structures placed in the sea.1

长度

30 cm (1 ft)1

最高速度

约 0.01 公里/小时（0.01 英里/小时）

游泳, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

The polyps spread their tentacles to catch small zooplankton that drift past. Stinging cells on the tentacles immobilise the prey, then the crown bends over and the prey is killed and pushed into the mouth.1

Christmas tree hydroid的照片 — Christmas tree hydroid。照片：Stephen Thorpe。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

Colonies have many branching stems, up to 30 cm high, arranged in a tree-like shape1
The stalks are dark brown or blackish, but are often coated with algae and diatoms, giving them a muddy look1
The tiny whitish polyps are tinged with red1
Each polyp has many slender tentacles at its base and up to twelve tentacles with knobbed tips around its mouth1

毒液之力

蜇伤

毒液通过蜇刺出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

Contact with a rope on which this hydroid was growing caused an acute, painful skin inflammation (dermatitis) in several people. Contact with the stinging cells on its tentacles is the cause.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 很疼可能真的很疼，但几乎从不严重。

Several people who touched a rope covered in this hydroid got an acute, painful dermatitis. No deaths are known.1

如果它蜇人

离开水面，取下所有触手（戴手套或用布）。
热带箱水母：在蜇伤处倒醋至少 30 秒，呼救，并准备好做心肺复苏。僧帽水母和大多数其他水母：先用海水冲洗，再用热水止痛。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它蜇了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲太平洋大西洋印度洋地中海加勒比海墨西哥湾帝汶海和阿拉弗拉海孟加拉湾加利福尼亚湾

它有多大？

它有多长？

和 9 块玩具积木排成一排一样长比花园蜗牛还慢

Christmas tree hydroid和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一只海马 约 0.0015 公里/小时 (0 mph)

Christmas tree hydroid 约 0.01 公里/小时 (0.01 mph)

一只花园蜗牛 约 0.05 公里/小时 (0.03 mph)

值得了解

事实

It has spread around the world largely through people's maritime activities, by attaching to ships and structures.1

It has been used in research into how animals capture their prey.1

Colonies grow by budding, which forms new feeding polyps.1

Its free-swimming larvae drift with the plankton before settling on a hard surface.1

给毒液专家

学名: Pennaria disticha
类别: 水母和海中蜇人生物
家人: Pennariidae2
排序: Anthoathecata
大洲: 大西洋, 太平洋, 印度洋, 加勒比海, 地中海, 墨西哥湾, 帝汶海和阿拉弗拉海, 孟加拉湾, 加利福尼亚湾, 海洋
宝宝: Females release up to six eggs. Each embryo develops within a day or so into a free-swimming larva called a planula, which later settles on a hard surface to start a new colony.1
对人的危险: 2 / 5: 很疼3