第 1298 号，共 1 402 张

Hispaniolan solenodon

Solenodon paradoxus

名字的由来： The genus name Solenodon means "grooved teeth", which refers to the groove in its lower incisor that carries venom.1

只是会疼会疼，但不会对你造成严重伤害。

有毒的哺乳动物

咬伤吃：昆虫

对人的危险: 很疼可能真的很疼，但几乎从不严重。

The Hispaniolan solenodon is a small, furry, shrew-like mammal that lives only on the Caribbean island of Hispaniola, in the Dominican Republic and Haiti. It is one of the few venomous mammals in the world. It is shy and hard to see, because it is active at night and hides in burrows during the day.1

生活在

Hispaniola (the Dominican Republic and southern Haiti), Caribbean1

北美洲

首页

It lives in undisturbed moist forest below 1,000 m, although it is sometimes found higher up or near farmland. It shelters by day in burrows, trees, hollow logs or caves.1

长度

49 cm到72 cm (1.6 ft到2.4 ft)1

最高速度

约 8 公里/小时（5 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It feeds mainly on arthropods such as millipedes, ground beetles, crickets, katydids and cockroaches. It also eats worms, snails, mice and small reptiles, and a little fruit, grain and leaf litter. It probes the earth with its snout and digs or rips open rotten logs with its claws.1

Hispaniolan solenodon的照片 — Hispaniolan solenodon。照片：Solenodon joe。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

Dusky brown fur over most of the body, with a paler underside1
Reddish fur on the sides of the head, throat and upper chest1
Hairless tail, legs, snout and eyelids1
A long snout with about a dozen long whiskers, up to 7 cm1
Runs on the soles of its feet in an erratic, zigzag course, and is active only at night1

常被误认为： It resembles an oversized shrew. Adults are the largest living members of the shrew-like group (Soricomorpha), so they are much bigger than ordinary shrews.1

毒液之力

咬伤

它咬的时候，毒液通过毒牙或牙齿出来。

它的毒液会造成什么？

Its venom flows from saliva through a nearly closed channel in the second lower incisor. The exact chemical make-up of the venom is not known. In laboratory tests, a dose of 0.38 to 0.55 mg of venom per gram of body mass killed mice in two to six minutes.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 很疼可能真的很疼，但几乎从不严重。

Its venom is strong enough to kill mice in minutes in lab tests. The animal is shy, nocturnal and hard to find, so encounters are uncommon.1

它害怕时会做什么？

It has not evolved strong defences, as it has no natural land predators, and it is a slow, clumsy runner. When threatened, it makes a loud defensive "chirp" and an aggressive "squeal".1

如果它咬人

把伤口洗干净并就医。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它咬了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲

它有多大？

它有多长？

和 4 根香蕉首尾相接一样长45 秒就能跑完 100 米（最快的人需要 9.6 秒）

Hispaniolan solenodon和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一个在走路的人 约 5 公里/小时 (3.1 mph)

Hispaniolan solenodon 约 8 公里/小时 (5 mph)

一个骑自行车的孩子 约 12 公里/小时 (7.5 mph)

值得了解

事实

It is one of the few venomous placental mammals. Its venom is delivered through grooves in its lower incisors.1

Genetic studies estimate that solenodons split from other living mammals about 78 million years ago.1

It was first described in 1833. It was rediscovered in 1907, but was again believed extinct by 1964.1

It has a bone called the os proboscidis that extends forward from the nostril to support the snout. This bone is not found even in other solenodons.1

It has no natural land predators, so it never evolved strong defences. Owls, feral dogs and cats, and small Asian mongooses can all prey on it.1

Individuals in captivity have lived for over eleven years.1

给毒液专家

学名: Solenodon paradoxus
类别: 有毒的哺乳动物
家人: Solenodontidae2
排序: Eulipotyphla
大洲: 北美洲
宝宝: Litters have one to three young after a gestation of over 84 days. The young are born blind and hairless, and usually only two survive because the female has two teats.1
寿命: 约 11 年1
它在野外过得怎么样: Endangered1
对人的危险: 2 / 5: 很疼3