第 1261 号，共 1 402 张

Horn shark

Heterodontus francisci

名字的由来： The scientific name francisci refers to San Francisco, although the shark's range does not reach that far north.1

无害对人无害。不用担心。

有毒的鱼

有毒的刺吃：肉

对人的危险: 轻微像被蜜蜂蜇一下或更轻。对人基本无害。

The horn shark is a small shark with a blunt head and two tall fins, each with a large spine at the front. It lives along the western coast of North America, from California to the Gulf of California. It spends its days hidden in caves and crevices and hunts at night.1

生活在

Eastern Pacific coast of North America, from Monterey Bay in California south to the Gulf of California1

太平洋, 加利福尼亚湾

首页

Adults live in shallower water, usually 2 to 11 m deep, on rocky reefs and in algae beds. Juveniles prefer sandy flats in deeper water, 40 to 150 m deep. In winter, adults move to water deeper than 30 m.1

长度

1.2 m (3.9 ft)1

最高速度

约 20 公里/小时（12 英里/小时）

游泳, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

Adults eat mostly hard-shelled molluscs, sea urchins and crustaceans, which they crush with their flat back teeth. They suck prey out of the sand and rocks, and can lever loose prey free with their body.1

Horn shark的照片 — Horn shark。照片：Chad King / SIMoN NOAA, no known copyright restrictions (public domain)。 Public domain, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

Short, blunt head with low ridges over the eyes1
Two high dorsal fins, each with large, stout spines at the front1
Brown or grey body with many small dark spots, though older sharks may have no spots1
Yellowish underside1
Usually about 1 m long, and most do not exceed this length1

毒液之力

有毒的刺

锋利的刺带着毒液。踩到或抓住它会很疼。

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 轻微像被蜜蜂蜇一下或更轻。对人基本无害。

Horn sharks are harmless unless they are harassed. They are not targeted by commercial or recreational fisheries, though small numbers are caught by accident.1

它害怕时会做什么？

During the day they stay still in hiding places, but they swim away quickly if disturbed.1

如果它的刺扎到你

把伤口泡在热水里，水温以不烫伤为限、尽量热（先用你自己的手试一试），泡 30 到 90 分钟。去看医生，尤其是被石头鱼和魟鱼伤到时。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果它的刺扎到你：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲太平洋加利福尼亚湾

它有多大？

它有多长？

和 2.5 只家猫鼻子接尾巴一样长和 7 根香蕉首尾相接一样长9 秒就能游完一个大泳池（50 米）

Horn shark和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一名奥运游泳选手 约 8 公里/小时 (5 mph)

Horn shark 约 20 公里/小时 (12 mph)

一只全速游的海豚 约 35 公里/小时 (22 mph)

值得了解

事实

For its size, the horn shark has the strongest bite of any shark that has been measured.1

To pull prey loose, the shark pushes its head up with a downward stroke of its tail. No other shark has been seen doing this.1

Large horn sharks that eat many sea urchins can have purple-stained teeth and fin spines.1

A Pacific angelshark was filmed trying to swallow a juvenile horn shark, but spat it out because of the spines.1

Horn sharks have only 148 electroreceptors (ampullae of Lorenzini), far fewer than most sharks, which may have over 2,000. They rely mainly on smell to find food.1

A dropped tooth takes about 4 weeks to be replaced.1

给毒液专家

学名: Heterodontus francisci
类别: 有毒的鱼
家人: Heterodontidae2
排序: Heterodontiformes
大洲: 太平洋, 加利福尼亚湾, 海洋
宝宝: They lay eggs. From February to April, females lay up to 24 eggs, two at a time, every 11 to 14 days, and wedge the egg cases into crevices to protect them.1
它在野外过得怎么样: Insufficient data (IUCN); population listed as stable on 10 October 20251
对人的危险: 1 / 5: 轻微3