第 1133 号，共 1 402 张

Night anemone

Phyllodiscus semoni

名字的由来： Its Japanese name, unbachi-isoginchaku, translates as "wasp-sea anemone".1

可致命不要触摸不治疗可能会要你的命。如果它蜇了你，赶快求助。

水母和海中蜇人生物

会蜇人的触手吃：肉

对人的危险: 非常危险不治疗可能会害死人。

The night anemone is a sea anemone, a soft animal related to jellyfish that attaches itself to the seabed. It lives in shallow seas in the central Indo-West Pacific, including Indonesia, the Philippines and southern Japan. It is venomous, and its sting can cause a painful injury that lasts a long time.1

生活在

Shallow seas of the central Indo-West Pacific, such as Indonesia, the Philippines and southern Japan.1

印度洋, 太平洋, 红海, 帝汶海和阿拉弗拉海

首页

It lives in shallow seas and attaches to the seabed by a broad base. Divers and swimmers may meet it in these shallow waters.1

长度

15 cm (5.9 in)3

典型成年个体大小

最高速度

约 0.01 公里/小时（0.01 英里/小时）

游泳, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

At night its oral disc opens and its tentacles spread out to catch zooplankton and small invertebrates.1

Night anemone的照片 — Night anemone。照片：Bert W. Hoeksema & Andrea L. Crowther。 CC BY 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎样认出它

Has a broad base that attaches it to the seabed.1
Has branching, stalked outgrowths called pseudo-tentacles, which vary a lot between individuals.1
Some individuals look like smooth discs, branching coral, or dead coral rock covered in algae.1
The mouth ring has up to 160 long tentacles, seen when it is feeding at night.1

常被误认为： It is often mistaken for corals, algae or dead coral rock, because it copies their shape and colour. During the day it pulls its mouth and tentacles inside, so it may not look like a sea anemone at all.1

毒液之力

会蜇人的触手

一碰到东西，成千上万个小刺细胞就会发射。

它的毒液会造成什么？

Its venom contains several haemolytic toxins, which break down red blood cells. Human contact can cause severe dermatitis, with swelling and ulceration of the affected skin that may last for months. On rare occasions it causes acute kidney damage, and it is the first sea anemone whose venom has been shown to do this. The venom does not appear to affect other major organs.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 非常危险不治疗可能会害死人。

Its sting is painful and long-lasting. On rare occasions it can cause acute kidney damage.1

它害怕时会做什么？

It uses camouflage, mimicry and masquerade to blend into its surroundings, which helps it deceive prey and confuse predators.1

如果它蜇人

离开水面，取下所有触手（戴手套或用布）。
热带箱水母：在蜇伤处倒醋至少 30 秒，呼救，并准备好做心肺复苏。僧帽水母和大多数其他水母：先用海水冲洗，再用热水止痛。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它蜇了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲太平洋印度洋红海帝汶海和阿拉弗拉海

它有多大？

它有多长？

和 5 块玩具积木排成一排一样长比花园蜗牛还慢

Night anemone和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一只海马 约 0.0015 公里/小时 (0 mph)

Night anemone 约 0.01 公里/小时 (0.01 mph)

一只花园蜗牛 约 0.05 公里/小时 (0.03 mph)

值得了解

事实

It was the first sea anemone found to have venom that damages the kidneys and can cause acute renal failure.1

Its venom kills shrimp and breaks down sheep red blood cells in laboratory tests.1

Its pseudo-tentacles contain symbiotic dinoflagellates, tiny organisms that photosynthesise, so it gets some energy from light.1

It hides its tentacles and mouth during the day, when it spreads out its pseudo-tentacles to catch sunlight.1

给毒液专家

学名: Phyllodiscus semoni
类别: 水母和海中蜇人生物
家人: Aliciidae2
排序: Actiniaria
大洲: 印度洋, 太平洋, 红海, 帝汶海和阿拉弗拉海, 海洋
宝宝: Colonies are likely clones formed by asexual reproduction, possibly by fragmentation when the anemone moves across the seabed.1
对人的危险: 4 / 5: 非常危险3