第 1257 号，共 1 402 张

Spotted ratfish

Hydrolagus colliei

名字的由来： The genus name Hydrolagus comes from Greek words meaning water and hare. The species name honours Alexander Collie, a ship's surgeon and early naturalist.1

只是会疼不要触摸会疼，但不会对你造成严重伤害。

有毒的鱼

有毒的刺吃：肉

对人的危险: 很疼可能真的很疼，但几乎从不严重。

The spotted ratfish is a chimaera, a cartilage fish related to sharks and rays. It lives in the northeastern Pacific Ocean, and divers often see it at night in the Pacific Northwest. It gets its name from its pointed, rat-like tail.1

生活在

Northeastern Pacific Ocean, from Alaska to Baja California, plus an isolated population in the Gulf of California1

太平洋, 加利福尼亚湾

首页

It lives near the sea floor in sandy, muddy or rocky reef areas. Most live in deep water, but in the north they live closer to shore, and off California they can be found as shallow as 30 m. Divers meet it most often at night, and its leathery egg cases are laid on muddy or sandy bottoms, where divers sometimes mistake them for inanimate objects.1

长度

14 cm到97 cm (5.5 in到3.2 ft)1

最高速度

约 15 公里/小时（9.3 英里/小时）

游泳, 粗略估计

它吃什么？

It swims slowly above the sea floor and finds food by smell, usually hunting at night when it moves into shallow water. It is especially drawn to crunchy prey such as crabs and clams, and also eats shrimp, worms, small fish, small crustaceans and sea stars.1

Spotted ratfish的照片 — Spotted ratfish。照片：Brian Gratwicke。 CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

怎样认出它

Smooth, scaleless skin that is silvery-bronze, often with gold, blue and green shine1
Speckled white spots along the back1
Large, triangular pectoral fins that stick straight out from the sides, like airplane wings1
A pointed, rat-like tail that makes up almost half of its total length1
Large emerald green eyes and a duckbill-shaped snout1

毒液之力

有毒的刺

锋利的刺带着毒液。踩到或抓住它会很疼。

它的毒液会造成什么？

The spine on the leading edge of its dorsal fin is grooved and connected to a venom gland at its base. The venom is mildly toxic. A sting from the spine causes a painful wound.1

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 很疼可能真的很疼，但几乎从不严重。

It does not present a serious danger to humans, but its spines can cause painful wounds. Harbor seals have been known to die after swallowing spotted ratfish, when a spine pierced the stomach or esophagus.1

它害怕时会做什么？

It usually keeps a safe distance from divers and is not aggressive, but it will defend its territory with the spine on its dorsal fin if it feels invaded.1

如果它的刺扎到你

把伤口泡在热水里，水温以不烫伤为限、尽量热（先用你自己的手试一试），泡 30 到 90 分钟。去看医生，尤其是被石头鱼和魟鱼伤到时。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果它的刺扎到你：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲太平洋加利福尼亚湾

它有多大？

它有多长？

和 2 只家猫鼻子接尾巴一样长和 5 根香蕉首尾相接一样长12 秒就能游完一个大泳池（50 米）

Spotted ratfish和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一名奥运游泳选手 约 8 公里/小时 (5 mph)

Spotted ratfish 约 15 公里/小时 (9.3 mph)

一只全速游的海豚 约 35 公里/小时 (22 mph)

值得了解

事实

Adult males have a club-like cephalic clasper on the head, an organ not found in any other vertebrate, which they use to hold on to females during courtship.1

Its large eyes reflect light, much like the eyes of a cat.1

It swims with its large pectoral fins, and its barrel rolls and corkscrew turns have been described as aquatic flight.1

Its teeth are plate-shaped, mineralised and permanent, unlike the easily replaced teeth of sharks, and they help it grind prey.1

Its ampullary organs on the head detect electric fields, and they are homologous to the ampullae of Lorenzini found in sharks and rays.1

Its meat is not typically eaten by humans and it is not commercially caught.1

给毒液专家

学名: Hydrolagus colliei
类别: 有毒的鱼
家人: Chimaeridae2
排序: Chimaeriformes
大洲: 太平洋, 加利福尼亚湾, 海洋
宝宝: Like some sharks, it lays eggs; the female releases up to two fertilised eggs every 10–14 days in spring to autumn, and development can take up to a year.1
对人的危险: 2 / 5: 很疼3