第 0304 号，共 1 402 张

Walser viper

Vipera walser

需要看医生很少致命，但被咬了要去看医生。

咬伤

The Walser viper is a venomous snake found only in a small area of the western Italian Alps. Scientists only recognised it as its own species after genetic studies, because it looks very much like the common adder. Its tiny range makes it one of the more unusual vipers in Europe.1

生活在

Western Italian Alps, in northern eastern Piedmont (endemic, found nowhere else)1

欧洲

首页

It lives in open areas in valleys with high rainfall, at heights of 1300 to 2300 metres. It is mostly found on gentle slopes that face south and have little forest cover.1

长度

55 cm (1.8 ft)3

典型成年个体大小

最高速度

约 3.3 公里/小时（2.1 英里/小时）

在陆地上, 粗略估计

Walser viper的照片 — Walser viper。照片：HerrVillhelm。 CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

怎样认出它

Colour varies a great deal between individuals.1
Many have a zigzag pattern along the back, while others have a reduced pattern of horizontal bars.1
Some individuals are melanistic, meaning they are very dark or black.1
Most have 1.5 to 2 rows of scales below the eye on each side of the head.1

常被误认为： It closely resembles the common adder (Vipera berus), which is far more widespread. The Walser viper has more scales on the top of the head, these head shields are more often broken up, and it usually has 1.5 to 2 rows of scales below each eye, where the common adder usually has only one.1

毒液之力

咬伤

它咬的时候，毒液通过毒牙或牙齿出来。

它对人有多危险？

对人的危险: 严重被咬了要去看医生。死亡非常罕见。

如果它咬人

让人保持安静不动，被咬的肢体与心脏保持同一高度，摘下戒指和紧身物品，尽快送医院。

一定先拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）。这里是一般急救指导，不是医疗建议。急救基础

注意安全

永远不要摸、抓或逗弄野生动物，即使是很小的，即使它看起来在睡觉或已经死了。
给它留出空间。如果遇到它，保持冷静，慢慢后退，让它走自己的路。
如果被它咬了：保持冷静，保持不动，拨打你的急救电话（112、000、911）或尽快去医院。记住它长什么样，拍张照片会有帮助。

它不是冲着你来的。它用毒液捕猎或保护自己，而且它更愿意躲起来。更多安全知识

在世界哪里？

非洲亚洲欧洲北美洲南美洲澳大利亚和大洋洲

它有多大？

它有多长？

和 3 根香蕉首尾相接一样长和 17 块玩具积木排成一排一样长110 秒就能跑完 100 米（最快的人需要 9.6 秒）

Walser viper和你比起来有多大？

只是在你的浏览器里算一算。什么都不会被保存或发送到任何地方。

它有多快？

一只陆龟 约 0.3 公里/小时 (0.19 mph)

Walser viper 约 3.3 公里/小时 (2.1 mph)

一个在走路的人 约 5 公里/小时 (3.1 mph)

值得了解

事实

For a long time it was thought to be an isolated group of the common adder, until genetic analysis showed it is a separate species related to the Vipera ursinii group.1

Its genetic variety is low, which may make it more vulnerable to disturbance.1

Its range is split into two separate populations: a southern one of about 225 km² and a northern one of about 45 km².1

It lives at high altitude, between 1300 and 2300 metres.1

谣言粉碎机

谣言： The Walser viper is just an isolated population of the common adder (Vipera berus).

真相： Molecular analyses have shown it is a distinct species, related to the Vipera ursinii group.1

给毒液专家

学名: Vipera walser
类别: 蝰蛇
家人: Viperidae2
排序: Squamata
大洲: 欧洲
它在野外过得怎么样: Not yet evaluated by the IUCN. The original species description argues for a classification of Endangered, because its range is under 1000 km².1
对人的危险: 3 / 5: 严重3