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Ikhathuni ka-Rhinoceros viper
Inombolo 0323 kwezingu-1 402

Rhinoceros viper

Bitis nasicornis
Mayelana negama: The common name refers to the horn-like scales on the end of its nose.1
KungabulalaKungakubulala uma ungelashwa. Uma sikuluma, thola usizo ngokushesha.
Ama-viper namabululu UkulumaSidla: Inyama
Ingozi ebantwini: Kuyingozi kakhuluSingabulala umuntu ongatholi kwelashwa.

The rhinoceros viper is a large, stout snake with bright colours and two or three horn-like scales on its nose. It lives in forests across West and Central Africa. It is venomous, and its venom is mainly hemotoxic, meaning it attacks the blood and circulation.1

Ihlala
Forests of West and Central Africa, from Guinea and Liberia to Ghana, and from Central African Republic to Uganda and western Kenya1
I-Afrika
Ekhaya
It mainly lives in forested areas and rarely goes into woodland. It hides by day in leaf litter, holes, around fallen trees or tangled tree roots. It is mainly on the ground but can climb into trees and thickets up to 3 m high, and is sometimes found in shallow pools.1
Ubude
72 cm kuya ku-1.1 m (2.4 ft kuya ku-3.5 ft)1
Ijubane eliphezulu
cishe 3.6 km/h (2.2 mph)
Emhlabathini, isiqagela nje
Sidlani?
It mainly eats small mammals, and in wetland habitats it also takes toads, frogs and fish. It hunts by ambush, often staying still for long periods while waiting for prey to pass by.1
Ngempela!Isithombe sika-Rhinoceros viper
Rhinoceros viper. Isithombe: Holger Krisp. CC BY 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Indlela yokusibona

  • Large and stout, with rough, heavily keeled scales1
  • Two or three horn-like scales on the end of the nose, the front pair often long1
  • Series of blue or blue-green oblong markings, each with a lemon-yellow line down the centre, set within black blotches1
  • Dark crimson triangles down the flanks, bordered with green or blue1
  • Top of the head blue or green, with a black arrow mark1

Ivamise ukudidaniswa ne: The name horned puff adder is also used for Bitis caudalis (horned adder), which is a different species. Because of this, names can cause confusion, so the name butterfly viper is preferred.1

Amandla obuthi

Ukuluma

Ubuthi buphuma ngamazinyo aso obuthi noma ngamazinyo uma siluma.

Ubuthi baso benzani?

Its venom is mainly hemotoxic, which attacks the circulatory system, destroying tissue and blood vessels and causing internal bleeding. It also has a neurotoxic component, which attacks the nerves. Small doses of the venom can be deadly. In the few detailed reports of human bites, massive swelling was described, which may lead to necrosis (death of tissue).1

Siyingozi kangakanani ebantwini?

Ingozi ebantwini: Kuyingozi kakhuluSingabulala umuntu ongatholi kwelashwa.

Because its range is restricted, few bites have been reported and no statistics are available. In 2003 a man in Dayton, Ohio, who kept one as a pet, was bitten and died.1

Izindaba ezinhle: odokotela banomuthi (i-antivenom) noma indlela yokwelapha lokhu.1

Senzani uma sesabile?

When approached it often reveals its presence with a very loud hiss, almost a shriek, and it can strike quickly forwards or sideways without coiling first or giving a warning.1

Uma siluma

  • Gcina umuntu engashukumi futhi ezolile, gcina isitho esilunyiwe sisezingeni lenhliziyo, khipha izindandatho nezinto eziqinile, bese umusa esibhedlela ngokushesha.

Njalo shayela kuqala inombolo yezimo eziphuthumayo (112, 000, 911). Lokhu kuyiseluleko sosizo lokuqala esijwayelekile, akusona iseluleko sezokwelapha. Izisekelo zosizo lokuqala

Hlala uphephile

  • Ungalokothi uthinte, ubambe noma ugcone isilwane sasendle, ngisho noma sincane, futhi ngisho noma sibukeka silele noma sifile.
  • Sinike isikhala. Uma uhlangana naso, hlala uzolile, uhlehle kancane bese usiyeka sihambe ngendlela yaso.
  • Uma sikuluma: hlala uzolile, ungashukumi, shayela inombolo yezimo eziphuthumayo (112, 000, 911) noma uye esibhedlela ngokushesha. Khumbula ukuthi besibukeka kanjani, isithombe siyasiza.

Asikuzingeli wena. Sisebenzisa ubuthi baso ukuze sibambe ukudla noma ukuzivikela, futhi singancamela ukucasha. Okwengeziwe mayelana nokuhlala uphephile

Kuphi emhlabeni?

I-AfrikaI-AsiaI-YurophuINyakatho MelikaINingizimu MelikaI-Australia ne-Oceania

Sikhulu kangakanani?

Side kangakanani?

Rhinoceros viper ubude obucishe bube ngu-1.1 m (3.5 ft)Inja cishe 1 m (3.3 ft)Umuntu omdala cishe 1.7 m (5.6 ft)
side njengamakati asekhaya angu-2 kusuka ekhaleni kuya emsileniside njengobhanana abangu-6 abalandelanayosingahamba amamitha ali-100 ngemizuzwana engu-100 (umuntu oshesha kunabo bonke udinga engu-9,6)

Rhinoceros viper mkhulu kangakanani uma uqhathanisa NAWE?

Yizibalo nje kusiphequluli sakho. Akukho okulondolozwayo noma okuthunyelwa ndawo.

Sishesha kangakanani?

kuhle ukwazi

Amaqiniso

1

Its scales are so rough that they can cut people who handle a snake that is struggling.1

2

Its vivid colours break up its outline in the dappled light of the forest floor, so it is very hard to see.1

3

Its fangs are not large, rarely more than 1.5 cm long, and when not in use they fold up into the roof of its mouth.1

4

Its bright colours fade quickly after it sheds its skin, as silt from its moist habitat builds up on its rough scales.1

5

At least one antivenom, called India Antiserum Africa Polyvalent, protects specifically against bites from this species.1

Umqothuli wezinganekwane

Inganekwane: Its bright colours make it easy to spot in the forest.

Iqiniso: Its colours give it excellent camouflage in the dappled light of the forest floor, which can make it almost invisible.1

Okongoti bobuthi

Igama lesayensi
Bitis nasicornis
Iqembu
Ama-viper namabululu
Umndeni
Viperidae2
Ukuhleleka
Squamata
Amazwekazi
I-Afrika
Izinsana
It gives birth to live young, between six and 38 in West Africa, in March and April at the start of the rainy season.1
Ingozi ebantwini
4 / 5: Kuyingozi kakhulu3

Lapho amaqiniso evela khona

  1. Bitis nasicornis (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
  2. Bitis nasicornis (iNaturalist): amagama nokuhlelwa ngezigaba.
  3. Venom Wiki: izinga lengozi, usayizi ojwayelekile nesiqagela sejubane kungokwethu. Bona ukuthi sikubala kanjani: Indlela esilinganisa ngayo ingozi.

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Okunye okuvela eqenjini elifanayo: Ama-viper namabululu

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Futhi ihlala: I-Afrika

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Phakela ufezelaimbiza yezipho, iyigcina imahhala