Venom Wiki / Zonke izilwane / Amaxoxo anoshevu, amaxoxo e-toad nama-newt

Inombolo 1349 kwezingu-1 402

Pumpkin toadlet

Brachycephalus ephippium

Kubuhlungu njeUngathintiKubuhlungu, kodwa ngeke kukulimaze kakhulu.

Amaxoxo anoshevu, amaxoxo e-toad nama-newt

Ushevu esikhumbeni sasoSidla: InyamaSinoshevu, asinabo ubuthi bokuluma noma bokuhlaba

Ingozi ebantwini: KubuhlunguKungaba buhlungu ngempela, kodwa cishe akukaze kube kubi kakhulu.

The pumpkin toadlet is a tiny, brightly coloured frog that lives in the leaf litter of the Atlantic rainforests of southeastern Brazil. Adults are bright yellow-orange, a warning sign that their skin and body carry a strong toxin. Scientists have found that the head and back of this frog glow under ultraviolet light.1

Sinoshevu noma sinobuthi? Izilwane ezinobuthi zijova ubuthi ngokuluma noma ngokuhlaba. Izilwane ezinoshevu ziyingozi uma uzithinta noma uzidla. Lesi sinoshevu.

Ihlala

Southeastern Brazil: Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, southeastern São Paulo and southeastern Minas Gerais1

INingizimu Melika

Ekhaya

It lives among leaf litter on the forest floor of Atlantic rainforests, at altitudes of 200 to 1,250 metres. It is active during the day.1

Ubude

1.2 cm kuya ku-2 cm (0.5 in kuya ku-0.8 in)1

Ijubane eliphezulu

cishe 2 km/h (1.2 mph)

Emhlabathini, isiqagela nje

Sidlani?

It feeds on tiny invertebrates found in the leaf litter.1

Isithombe sika-Pumpkin toadlet — Pumpkin toadlet. Isithombe: Carlos Otávio Gussoni. CC BY 4.0, iNaturalist.

Indlela yokusibona

Adults are bright yellow-orange.1
Newly hatched young are brown and well camouflaged.1
It is very small, with adults measuring 12.5 to 19.7 mm from snout to vent.1
Females tend to be larger than males.1

Ivamise ukudidaniswa ne: It is closely related to the red pumpkin toadlet (B. pitanga), which also glows under ultraviolet light and shares its inability to hear its own call.1

Amandla oshevu

Ushevu esikhumbeni saso

Isikhumba saso sinoshevu. Kuyingozi ukusithinta, ukusikhotha noma ukusidla.

Ushevu waso wenzani?

This frog is poisonous rather than venomous, so it does not inject venom. Its main toxin is 11-oxotetrodotoxin, which is extremely rare in animals, even marine ones, and is four to five times more potent than tetrodotoxin. The toxins are found in the skin and ovaries but are mostly concentrated in the liver.1

Siyingozi kangakanani ebantwini?

Ingozi ebantwini: KubuhlunguKungaba buhlungu ngempela, kodwa cishe akukaze kube kubi kakhulu.

Senzani uma sesabile?

Its bright yellow-orange colour is a warning display (aposematism) that tells predators it is toxic.1

Uma umuntu esithintile noma esidlile

Uma umuntu esithintile: geza izandla kahle futhi ungathinti amehlo noma umlomo. Uma ingane noma isilwane sasekhaya sisikhothile noma sisidlile: shayela isikhungo soshevu noma inombolo yezimo eziphuthumayo.

Njalo shayela kuqala inombolo yezimo eziphuthumayo (112, 000, 911). Lokhu kuyiseluleko sosizo lokuqala esijwayelekile, akusona iseluleko sezokwelapha. Izisekelo zosizo lokuqala

Hlala uphephile

Ungalokothi uthinte, ubambe noma ugcone isilwane sasendle, ngisho noma sincane, futhi ngisho noma sibukeka silele noma sifile.
Sinike isikhala. Uma uhlangana naso, hlala uzolile, uhlehle kancane bese usiyeka sihambe ngendlela yaso.
Uma usithintile noma usidlile: ungahlikihli amehlo noma umlomo wakho, geza izandla zakho futhi uthole usizo lwezokwelapha.

Asikuzingeli wena. Ushevu waso ukhona nje ukuze kungabikho okusidlayo. Okwengeziwe mayelana nokuhlala uphephile

Kuphi emhlabeni?

I-Afrika I-Asia I-Yurophu INyakatho Melika INingizimu Melika I-Australia ne-Oceania

Sikhulu kangakanani?

Side kangakanani?

sifushane kunomunwe wakho omncanesingahamba amamitha ali-100 ngemizuzwana engu-180 (umuntu oshesha kunabo bonke udinga engu-9,6)

Pumpkin toadlet mkhulu kangakanani uma uqhathanisa NAWE?

Yizibalo nje kusiphequluli sakho. Akukho okulondolozwayo noma okuthunyelwa ndawo.

Sishesha kangakanani?

Ufudu cishe 0.3 km/h (0.19 mph)

Pumpkin toadlet cishe 2 km/h (1.2 mph)

Umuntu ohambayo cishe 5 km/h (3.1 mph)

kuhle ukwazi

Amaqiniso

In 2019, scientists found that the head and back of this frog glow under ultraviolet light because of fluorescent skeletons. Young frogs that have gained adult colours still do not glow.1

Adults cannot hear the frequency of their own calls because their ears are underdeveloped. They communicate with movements such as inflating the vocal sac, gaping the mouth and waving their arms.1

Its main toxin, 11-oxotetrodotoxin, is extremely rare in animals, even in marine species.1

Its young hatch directly into tiny toadlets, skipping the tadpole stage.1

It is among the largest frogs in its genus, Brachycephalus.1

Umqothuli wezinganekwane

Inganekwane: Its glow under ultraviolet light is a warning signal to predators.

Iqiniso: Studies suggest this is unlikely. Predators attack the frogs at the same rate whether or not they glow.1

Okongoti bobuthi

Igama lesayensi: Brachycephalus ephippium
Iqembu: Amaxoxo anoshevu, amaxoxo e-toad nama-newt
Umndeni: Brachycephalidae2
Ukuhleleka: Anura
Amazwekazi: INingizimu Melika
Izinsana: It breeds by direct development. The female lays a few eggs on land, which hatch into young toadlets with no tadpole stage.1
Simo saso endle: Not considered threatened1
Ingozi ebantwini: 2 / 5: Kubuhlungu3

Lapho amaqiniso evela khona

Pumpkin toadlet (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Brachycephalus ephippium (iNaturalist): amagama nokuhlelwa ngezigaba.
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