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Jararaca

Bothrops jararaca

Za dzinali: The name jararaca comes from Old Tupi îararaka.1

Ingathe kuphaIngathe kukupha ngati sunalandire chithandizo. Ikakuluma, peza thandizo mwachangu.

Njoka za pit viper

ImalumaImadya: Nyama

Ngozi kwa anthu: Yoopsa kwambiriIngathe kupha munthu amene sanalandire chithandizo.

The jararaca is a highly venomous pit viper from South America. It is an important cause of snakebites in the areas where it lives. Its venom also gave scientists a peptide that was used to develop a family of heart and blood pressure drugs.1

Imakhala ku

Southern Brazil, eastern Paraguay and northern Argentina (including Misiones province)1

Amereka ya Kumwera

Kunyumba

It mainly lives in dense tropical forests on the Atlantic coast. It also lives in thickets, savannas, semitropical highland forests and cultivated fields. Adults live on the ground, while juveniles also climb in trees.1

Kutalika

1,6 m (5,2 ft)1

Liwiro lapamwamba

pafupifupi 3,7 km/h (2,3 mph)

Pamtunda, kuyerekeza chabe

Imadya chiyani?

Juveniles mainly eat frogs and arthropods, while adults mostly eat mammals, and about 80% of an adult's diet is rodents. It is an ambush predator, relying on good camouflage to catch prey. Juveniles also wiggle their white tail tip to lure prey, which looks like an insect larva.1

Chithunzi cha Jararaca — Jararaca. Chithunzi: Leandro Avelar. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.

Mmene ungaizindikirire

Slender body. Adults can reach a maximum total length of 160 cm, but most are much shorter.1
Colour varies a lot, from tan, brown, grey, yellow and olive to almost maroon.1
Rows of pale-edged, dark brown, triangular or trapezoidal markings run along each side of the body.1
A prominent dark brown stripe runs from behind each eye to the corner of the mouth.1
Juveniles have a white tip on the tail. The tongue is black and the iris is gold to greenish gold.1

Mphamvu ya ululu

Imaluma

Ululu umatuluka kudzera m'mano ake ikaluma.

Ululu wake umachita chiyani?

The venom is quite toxic and affects blood clotting. Typical effects include local swelling, bruising and blistering of the bitten limb, and bleeding from the gums and into the skin. Serious cases can involve bleeding in the brain, shock and kidney failure.1

Ndi yoopsa bwanji kwa anthu?

Ngozi kwa anthu: Yoopsa kwambiriIngathe kupha munthu amene sanalandire chithandizo.

In southeastern Brazil, this species caused 52% (3,446 cases) of snakebites recorded between 1902 and 1945, with a fatality rate of 0.7%. Its systemic symptoms can be fatal.1

Nkhani yabwino: madokotala ali ndi mankhwala (antivenom) kapena chithandizo cha ichi.1

Ikaluma

Get to a hospital fast. In a recorded case, a patient was treated in hospital with bothropic antivenom and fluid replacement.1
Munthuyo akhale chete ndi wodekha, chiwalo cholumidwacho chikhale pamlingo wa mtima, chotsa mphete ndi zinthu zothina, ndipo mufikitse kuchipatala mwachangu.

Nthawi zonse yamba wayimbira nambala yadzidzidzi (112, 000, 911). Awa ndi malangizo wamba a chithandizo choyamba, osati malangizo a dokotala. Zoyambira za chithandizo choyamba

Khala wotetezeka

Usakhudze, kugwira kapena kuseweretsa nyama yakuthengo, ngakhale yaing'ono, ndipo ngakhale ikuoneka ngati yagona kapena yafa.
Ipatse malo. Ukakumana nayo, khala chete, bwerera m'mbuyo pang'onopang'ono ndipo uilole ipite njira yake.
Ikakuluma: khala chete, usasunthe, imbira nambala yadzidzidzi (112, 000, 911) kapena pita kuchipatala mwachangu. Kumbukira m'mene inkaonekera, chithunzi chimathandiza.

Sikufuna kukuvulaza. Imagwiritsa ntchito ululu wake kugwira chakudya kapena kudziteteza, ndipo imakonda kwambiri kubisala. Zambiri za kukhala wotetezeka

Kuti padziko lapansi?

Africa Asia Ulaya Amereka ya Kumpoto Amereka ya Kumwera Australia ndi Oceania

Ndi yaikulu bwanji?

Ndi yaitali bwanji?

yaitali ngati amphaka apakhomo 3 mphuno ndi mchira motsatizanayaitali ngati nthochi 9 zoyalidwa motsatizanaingathamange mamita 100 m'masekondi 97 (munthu wothamanga kwambiri amafunika 9.6)

Jararaca ndi yaikulu bwanji poyerekeza ndi IWE?

Ndi masamu chabe mu msakatuli wako. Palibe chomwe chimasungidwa kapena kutumizidwa kwina.

Imathamanga bwanji?

Kamba pafupifupi 0,3 km/h (0,19 mph)

Jararaca pafupifupi 3,7 km/h (2,3 mph)

Munthu akuyenda pafupifupi 5 km/h (3,1 mph)

zoyenera kudziwa

Mfundo

The drugs known as ACE inhibitors, used to treat high blood pressure and some types of heart failure, were developed from a peptide found in this snake's venom. Brazilian scientist Sérgio Henrique Ferreira developed them in 1965.1

An enzyme derived from the venom, called haemocoagulase, is used as an anti-haemorrhagic drug, meaning it helps stop bleeding.1

Males mate with more than one female, and males sometimes fight over females.1

Za akatswiri a ululu

Dzina la sayansi: Bothrops jararaca
Gulu: Njoka za pit viper
Banja: Viperidae2
Dongosolo: Squamata
Makontinenti: Amereka ya Kumwera
Ana akhanda: Females give birth to live young from February to April, on average 10 to 14 offspring per season.1
Ngozi kwa anthu: 4 / 5: Yoopsa kwambiri3

Kumene mfundo zimachokera

Bothrops jararaca (Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0))
Bothrops jararaca (iNaturalist): mayina ndi magulu a sayansi.
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